| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Amy L. Ai |
| Author | Monika Ardelt |
| Abstract | We agree with Dr. Glicksman that faith matters cannot be studied in the same way as other universal aspects of the human existence, and that we cannot assume that certain faith measures are applicable across all faiths. Despite its limitations, empirical faith research is valuable in understanding the role of religion/spirituality for the human condition. We propose the following remedies: develop cultural sensitive faith measures with psychometric properties in different beliefs; examine multifaceted, positive, null, and negative effects of different faith factors; and combine historical/phenomenological approaches to the faith study with quantitative and qualitative research. Finally, scientific investigators should collaborate with scholars in the humanities. |
| Publication | Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging |
| Volume | 21 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 287-296 |
| Date | 2009 October |
| DOI | 10.1080/15528030902865128 |
| ISSN | 1552-8030 |
| Short Title | Contradiction in the Contemporary Study of Faith Matters |
| URL | http://www.informaworld.com.ezproxy.bu.edu/10.1080/15528030902865128 |
| Accessed | Mon Nov 2 20:30:12 2009 |
| Library Catalog | Informaworld |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Tayyiba AlMarri |
| Author | Tian Oei |
| Author | Samir Al-Adawi |
| Abstract | The authors developed a measure of religious practices and beliefs for Muslims, the “Short Muslim Practice and Belief Scale,” and tested its validity with surveys of Arab Muslims living the United Arab Emirates and Oman (N = 611) and Asian Muslims living in Malaysia and Indonesia (N = 303). Analysis of the results indicates that the data fit the model well, with good internal consistency and validity. |
| Publication | Mental Health, Religion & Culture |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 415-426 |
| Date | 7/2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Mental Hlth., Religion & Culture |
| DOI | 10.1080/13674670802637643 |
| ISSN | 1367-4676 |
| URL | http://www.informaworld.com/openurl? genre=article&… |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Nathalie Bailly |
| Author | Nicolas Roussiau |
| Abstract | ABSTRACTThe study's purpose was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the short form of the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) in an elderly French population. Two studies were conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the DSES. Results of factor analysis (studies 1-2) and confirmatory factor analysis (Study 2) indicated that the DSES can be conceptualized on a single general factor. The reliability of the DSES appeared to be satisfactory with good internal consistency (studies 1-2) and good temporal stability (Study 2). As expected, higher scores were correlated with good life satisfaction and good self-evaluation of health, but no correlation was found with depression. Study results provided preliminary evidence of the psychometric properties of the French translation of the DSES short version. This short version indicates the potential benefit of encouraging the spiritual aspects of life and could be used in a variety of health-related research. |
| Publication | Canadian Journal on Aging |
| Volume | 29 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 223-231 |
| Date | Jun 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Can J Aging |
| DOI | 10.1017/S0714980810000152 |
| ISSN | 0714-9808 |
| Short Title | The Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) |
| Accessed | Wed Jul 7 11:31:46 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20465862 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | David C. Baker |
| Abstract | This article defines spirituality and relates the importance of spirituality to understanding quality of life. Spirituality is examined through organizational religious activities, non-organizational activities and/or as an expression of faith. Spirituality as a variable in the study of quality of life is not a new concept; however, it has returned to the scene during recent years, and has gone through an evolutionary process. |
| Publication | Quality of Life Research |
| Volume | 12 |
| Pages | 51-57 |
| Date | 2003 |
| ISSN | 09629343 |
| Short Title | Studies of the Inner Life |
| URL | http://www.jstor.org/stable/4038230 |
| Accessed | Mon Sep 7 13:43:05 2009 |
| Library Catalog | JSTOR |
| Extra | ArticleType: primary_article / Issue Title: Supplement: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Health-Related Quality of Life / Full publication date: 2003 / Copyright © 2003 Springer |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
This article defines spirituality and relates the importance of spirituality to understanding quality of life. Spirituality is examined through organizational religious activities, non-organizational activities and/or as an expression of faith. Spirituality as a variable in the study of quality of life is not a new concept; however, it has returned to the scene during recent years, and has gone through an evolutionary process.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | David B. Bekelman |
| Author | Carla Parry |
| Author | Farr A. Curlin |
| Author | Traci E. Yamashita |
| Author | Diane L. Fairclough |
| Author | Frederick S. Wamboldt |
| Abstract | Spirituality is a multifaceted construct related to health outcomes that remains ill defined and difficult to measure. Spirituality in patients with advanced chronic illnesses, such as chronic heart failure, has received limited attention. We compared two widely used spirituality instruments, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy--Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp) and the Ironson-Woods Spirituality/Religiousness Index (IW), to better understand what they measure in 60 outpatients with chronic heart failure. We examined how these instruments related to each other and to measures of depression and quality of life using correlations and principal component analyses. The FACIT-Sp measured aspects of spirituality related to feelings of peace and coping, whereas the IW measured beliefs, coping, and relational aspects of spirituality. Only the FACIT-Sp Meaning/Peace subscale consistently correlated with depression (r = -0.50, P < 0.0001) and quality of life (r = 0.41, P = 0.001). Three items from the depression measure loaded onto the same factor as the FACIT-Sp Meaning/Peace subscale (r = 0.43, -0.43, and 0.71), whereas the remaining 12 items formed a separate factor (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82) when combined with the spirituality instruments in a principal component analysis. The results demonstrate several clinically useful constructs of spirituality in patients with heart failure and suggest that psychological and spiritual well-being, despite some overlap, remain distinct phenomena. |
| Publication | Journal of Pain and Symptom Management |
| Volume | 39 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 515-526 |
| Date | March 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.08.005 |
| ISSN | 0885-3924 |
| Accessed | Mon Mar 22 21:06:36 2010 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Jacob A. Belzen |
| Abstract | Psychological research on spirituality need not start from scratch: the psychology of religion provides substantial knowledge and experience that can be drawn on when psychologists want to do research on spirituality. Spirituality, while certainly not identical with religion or religiosity, is a human phenomenon to which many methodological insights from the study of religion may be applied, although it is also a domain where many mistakes from the history of the psychology of religion are likely to be repeated. After presenting some thoughts on the conceptualization of spirituality, and reflecting on the type of psychology required to do research on spirituality, the paper points out some hidden agenda's in the psychologies of religion and spirituality. Focusing on and keeping in mind the specificity of spiritual conduct, the paper discusses a number of practical aspects of empirical research on spirituality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | Mental Health, Religion & Culture |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 205-222 |
| Date | April 2009 |
| DOI | 10.1080/13674670802456606 |
| ISSN | 13674676 |
| Short Title | Studying the specificity of spirituality |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Tami Borneman |
| Author | Betty Ferrell |
| Author | Shirley Otis-Green |
| Author | Pamela Baird |
| Author | Christina Puchalski |
| Abstract | 1. Describe the FICA Spiritual Assessment Tool and its application in the clinical setting. 2. Review research results of a validation study of the FICA tool. 3. Demonstration of the FICA tool within a clinical setting with audience participation. Spirituality plays an important role in illness adaptation for cancer patients. The National Consensus Project for Quality Palliative Care includes spiritual care as one of the eight clinical practice domains for patient care. The primary purpose of this pilot study is to provide preliminary psychometric evaluation for the FICA Spiritual Assessment Tool and to test its feasibility in clinical settings. Specifically, correlates between the FICA qualitative data and QOL quantitative data are examined to assess validity of the FICA. The theoretical framework of the FICA tool is based on the four domains of spiritual assessment, and these include the presence of faith or belief, the importance of spirituality on an individual's life, the individual's spiritual community, and interventions to address spiritual needs. A prospective, cross-sectional design was used to evaluate the FICA. Patients with solid tumors were recruited from ambulatory clinics of one comprehensive cancer center. Items assessing aspects of spirituality within QOL tools (the FACT-L, FACT-O, and COHQOL) were used, and all patients were assessed using the FICA. Descriptive analysis of demographic data was conducted, followed by comparison of means between the QOL item scores and FICA. The sample (n = 76) had a mean age of 59, and half were Catholic. The majority of patients, assessed by the FICA, rated faith/belief as very important in their lives (X = 8.4; 0–10 scale). FICA quantitative ratings and qualitative comments are closely correlated with items from the QOL tools assessing aspects of spirituality. Findings suggest that the FICA tool is a feasible tool for clinical assessment of spirituality, and correlations between existing spiritual well-being domains of QOL tools are promising. Addressing spiritual needs and concerns in clinical settings is critical in enhancing QOL. This evaluation provides preliminary validation of the FICA Spiritual Assessment Tool as a relevant tool for future research and clinical practice. |
| Publication | Journal of Pain and Symptom Management |
| Volume | 39 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 406-407 |
| Date | February 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.11.149 |
| ISSN | 0885-3924 |
| Accessed | Sat Mar 6 10:07:25 2010 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Philip S. Brenner |
| Abstract | The difference between religious service attendance measured using conventional surveys and time diaries has been attributed to identity processes; a high level of religious identity importance may prompt overreporting on a survey question. This article tests the hypothesized role of identity importance as an individual determinant of overreporting and the result of socially desirable behavior. A time diary measure of attendance (from the American Time Use Study 2003-2008) is imputed for conventional survey data (from the General Social Survey 2002-2008) using the multiple imputation for multiple studies procedure ( ). Logistic regression models predicting self-reported attendance and overreported attendance are estimated using identity importance as a key covariate and controlling for demographic variables associated with attendance. Identity importance is a strong predictor of both self-reported and overreported attendance. Attendance, while a biased measure of actual behavior, may be a good indicator of religiosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion |
| Volume | 50 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 103-115 |
| Date | March 2011 |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1468-5906.2010.01554.x |
| ISSN | 00218294 |
| Short Title | Identity Importance and the Overreporting of Religious Service Attendance |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:56:31 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:56:31 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Michael J. Breslin |
| Author | Christopher Alan Lewis |
| Author | Mark Shevlin |
| Abstract | Prayer has increasingly been used as an empirical measure of religiosity. Recent developments include Ladd and Spilka's Inward, Outward and Upward Prayer Scale, which measures what respondents think about while praying, and Poloma and Pendleton's Measure of Prayer Type, which measures four different dimensions of prayer as well as degree of intimacy with the divine. The present study provides a factor analytical evaluation of both measures, including an examination of total scale and subscale reliability. The measures were administered to a sample of 518 Irish respondents. Although the total scales and subscales were found to be reliable, confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the hypothesized factor structures were a less than optimal fit of the data, while correlational analysis revealed a conceptual overlap between the measures. |
| Publication | Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion |
| Volume | 49 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 710-723 |
| Date | 12/2010 |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1468-5906.2010.01541.x |
| ISSN | 00218294 |
| URL | http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2010.01541.x |
| Accessed | Tue Jan 18 20:22:56 2011 |
| Library Catalog | CrossRef |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Arndt Büssing |
| Abstract | Background:There is growing evidence that aspects of spirituality have an impact on health. Measures of spirituality must be adapted to the kinds of populations being studied. In order to investigate how patients with chronic diseases living in secular societies view the impact of spirituality on their health and how they cope with illness, the SpREUK questionnaire was developed. Objective: This paper describes the background and psychometric properties of an assessment tool which might be suited for patients living in secular societies, and summarizes confirmatory findings of patients from Germany. Design and participants: Cross-sectional study among 496 patients (mean age 53.5+/-14.4 years) with chronic diseases (84% chronic pain conditions, 6% cancer, and 10% other). All subjects completed the questionnaires by themselves.Outcome measures: We intended to develop a short form of the already established SpREUK questionnaire, and tested it with respect to its factorial structure and conceptual validity. Other measures were engagement in spiritual practices (SpREUK-P), life satisfaction (BMLSS), and interpretation of illness (IIQ). Results: The good psychometric properties of the contextual (disease-related) instrument which differentiates 3 factors were confirmed: (1) Trust (in Higher Guidance/Source) (alpha=0.898), (2) Search (for Support/Access to Spirituality/Religiosity) (alpha=0.844), and (3) Reflection (Positive Interpretation of Disease) (alpha=0.736). Particularly the positive interpretations of disease were moderately associated with Search and Trust, indicating their spiritual connotation. Conclusion: To assess aspects of spirituality in secular societies which are not biased for or against a particular religious commitment, the SpREUK-SF10 questionnaire appears to be a good choice. Adaptations to other cultural backgrounds are encouraged. |
| Publication | Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao = Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue | 9 |
| Pages | 832-841 |
| Date | Sep 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao |
| ISSN | 1672-1977 |
| Accessed | Wed Oct 6 21:01:56 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20836973 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:02:10 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:02:10 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Arndt Büssing |
| Author | Harold G Koenig |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: We intended to develop a brief and compact scale which measures the beneficial effects of spirituality/religiosity (SpR) on several dimensions of patients' life concerns, to be used in health outcome studies. METHOD: To attain a short measure valid for spiritual and religious dimensions, we designed a scale based on tested items of an independent item pool of the already established SpREUK inventory, which measures SpR attitudes and convictions and holds an independent data pool addressing the support of life concerns through SpR. To validate the intended BENEFIT scale, reliability and factor analyses were performed utilizing 371 individuals with different chronic diseases recruited in various medical centers in Germany (exploratory analysis), while for the confirmatory analyses we used an independent pool of 229 patients with chronic pain conditions. RESULTS: Six items addressed the beneficial effects of SpR of the patients' concerns, and thus were chosen for the BENEFIT scale. These items had a good internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.922). Primary factor analysis pointed to a 1-factor solution, which explained 72% of variance. Correlation analyses revealed that the BENEFIT scale correlated with both uniquely religious and spiritual attitudes. CONCLUSIONS: The data demonstrate the reliability and validity of the 6-item BENEFIT scale that captures a unique aspect of SpR that can be used in epidemiological studies and clinical trials for those who wish to assess both the external and internal dimensions of SpR. This brief instrument can be easily incorporated into almost any study of mental health, physical health, or quality of life. |
| Publication | International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine |
| Volume | 38 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 493-506 |
| Date | 2008 |
| Journal Abbr | Int J Psychiatry Med |
| ISSN | 0091-2174 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19480361 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 18:26:31 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19480361 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
We intended to develop a brief and compact scale which measures the beneficial effects of spirituality/religiosity (SpR) on several dimensions of patients’ life concerns, to be used in health outcome studies. Conclusions: The data demonstrate the reliability and validity of the 6-item BENEFIT scale that captures a unique aspect of SpR that can be used in epidemiological studies and clinical trials for those who wish to assess both the external and internal dimensions of SpR.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | A. Büssing |
| Author | A. Weißkircher |
| Author | P. Heusser |
| Publication | European Journal of Integrative Medicine |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 212 |
| Date | December 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.eujim.2010.09.085 |
| ISSN | 1876-3820 |
| URL | http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.bu.edu/science/article/B984N-51FXHXR-41/2/bd4e64b091f01b5e5e6f152e7f2c9fdc |
| Accessed | Tue Jan 18 20:06:10 2011 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Maria Cristina Canavarro |
| Author | Adriano Vaz Serra |
| Author | Mário R. Simões |
| Author | Daniel Rijo |
| Author | Marco Pereira |
| Author | Sofia Gameiro |
| Author | Manuel João Quartilho |
| Author | Luís Quintais |
| Author | Carlos Carona |
| Author | Tiago Paredes |
| Abstract | At the beginning of the 1990s, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a project in order to create a cross-cultural instrument of quality of life assessment: the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL). This paper describes the development of the European Portuguese version of the WHOQOL-100, according to the methodology recommended by the WHO. Special attention is given to the qualitative pilot study, which led to the development of the Portuguese Facet [Political P], and to the empirical pilot study and the psychometric studies, based on the application of the Portuguese version of the instrument to a sample of 315 subjects from the general population and 289 patients. The assessment protocol also included the Beck Depression Inventory and the Brief Symptom Inventory. The Portuguese version of WHOQOL-100 showed acceptable internal consistency ( α range 0.84–0.94) and test–retest reliability in all domains ( r range 0.67–0.86). Discriminant validity was significant for all domains, except in Spirituality. Convergent validity with the Beck Depression Inventory and the Brief Symptom Inventory was satisfactory for most domains. The WHOQOL showed good psychometric characteristics, suggesting that the Portuguese version of WHOQOL is valid and reliable in the assessment of quality of life in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | International Journal of Behavioral Medicine |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 116-124 |
| Date | June 2009 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12529-008-9024-2 |
| ISSN | 10705503 |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Alberto Chiesa |
| Author | Peter Malinowski |
| Abstract | Mindfulness-based approaches are increasingly employed as interventions for treating a variety of psychological, psychiatric and physical problems. Such approaches include ancient Buddhist mindfulness meditations such as Vipassana and Zen meditations, modern group-based standardized meditations, such as mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and further psychological interventions, such as dialectical behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy. We review commonalities and differences of these interventions regarding philosophical background, main techniques, aims, outcomes, neurobiology and psychological mechanisms. In sum, the currently applied mindfulness-based interventions show large differences in the way mindfulness is conceptualized and practiced. The decision to consider such practices as unitary or as distinct phenomena will probably influence the direction of future research. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 67:1-21, 2011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | Journal of Clinical Psychology |
| Volume | 67 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 404-424 |
| Date | April 2011 |
| DOI | 10.1002/jclp.20776 |
| ISSN | 00219762 |
| Short Title | Mindfulness-based approaches |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:55:49 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:55:49 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Lyren Chiu |
| Author | Julia D Emblen |
| Author | Lynn Van Hofwegen |
| Author | Rick Sawatzky |
| Author | Heather Meyerhoff |
| Abstract | Spirituality is a universal human phenomenon, yet confusion and incomprehension of the concept is ever-present. The purpose of this study was to explore how research on the concept of spirituality has been reported in the health literature in the past decade and develop an ontological and theoretical understanding of spirituality. The examination was based on quantitative and qualitative integrative review approaches, which integrated empirical research on spirituality. The sample included 73 spirituality research articles, which were published in English between January 1990 and September 2000. An electronic data-collection tool was designed for use in this project and formatted using Excel software for transfer of coded data into the NVivo software for the data analysis. The results identified essential elements of spirituality, current use of operational definitions and instruments, conceptual frameworks used in spirituality research, and cultural aspects of spirituality. Historical comparison among decades and barriers in researching spirituality are discussed. |
| Publication | Western Journal of Nursing Research |
| Volume | 26 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 405-428 |
| Date | Jun 2004 |
| Journal Abbr | West J Nurs Res |
| DOI | 10.1177/0193945904263411 |
| ISSN | 0193-9459 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15155026 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 12:53:12 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 15155026 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The purpose of this study was to explore how research on the concept of spirituality has been reported in the health literature in the past decade and develop an ontological and theoretical understanding of spirituality.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Michael S Christopher |
| Author | Sukjai Charoensuk |
| Author | Brennan D Gilbert |
| Author | Timothy J Neary |
| Author | Kelly L Pearce |
| Abstract | The study and practice of mindfulness is rapidly expanding in Western psychology. Recently developed self-report measures of mindfulness were derived from Western operationalizations and cross-cultural validation of many of these measures is lacking, particularly in Buddhist cultures. Therefore, this study examined the measurement equivalence of the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS) and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) among Thai (n=385) and American (n=365) college students. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis models fit to the data revealed that the KIMS lacked configural invariance across groups, which precluded subsequent invariance tests, and although the MAAS demonstrated configural, metric, and partial scalar invariance, there was no significant latent mean MAAS difference between Thais and Americans. These findings suggest that Eastern and Western conceptualizations of mindfulness may have important differences. |
| Publication | Journal of Clinical Psychology |
| Volume | 65 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 590-612 |
| Date | Jun 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | J Clin Psychol |
| DOI | 10.1002/jclp.20580 |
| ISSN | 1097-4679 |
| Short Title | Mindfulness in Thailand and the United States |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 22 19:25:35 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19358288 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Larry R Churchill |
| Abstract | Genetic diseases often raise issues of profound importance for human self-understanding, such as one's identity, the family or community to which one belongs, and one's future or destiny. These deeper questions have commonly been seen as the purview of religion and spirituality. This essay explores how religion and spirituality are understood in the current US context and defined in the scholarly literature over the past 100 years. It is argued that a pragmatic, functional approach to religion and spirituality is important to understanding how patients respond to genetic diagnoses and participate in genetic therapies. A pragmatic, functional approach requires broadening the inquiry to include anything that provides a framework of transcendent meaning for the fundamental existential questions of human life. This approach also entails suspending questions about the truth claims of any particular religious/spiritual belief or practice. Three implications of adopting this broad working definition will be presented. |
| Publication | American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in Medical Genetics |
| Volume | 151C |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 6-12 |
| Date | Feb 15, 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet |
| DOI | 10.1002/ajmg.c.30195 |
| ISSN | 1552-4876 |
| Short Title | Religion, spirituality, and genetics |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 22 19:58:06 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19170080 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Timothy P Daaleman |
| Author | Bruce B Frey |
| Abstract | PURPOSE: Despite considerable interest in examining spirituality in health-related quality-of-life studies, there is a paucity of instruments that measure this construct. The objective of this study was to test a valid and reliable measure of spirituality that would be useful in patient populations. METHODS: We conducted a multisite, cross-sectional survey using systematic sampling of adult outpatients at primary care clinic sites in the Kansas City metropolitan area (N = 523). We determined the instrument reliability (Cronbach's alpha, test-retest) and validity (confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validation) of the Spirituality Index of Well-Being (SIWB). RESULTS: The SIWB contains 12 items: 6 from a self-efficacy domain and 6 from a life scheme domain. Confirmatory factor analysis found the following fit indices: chi2 (54, n = 508) = 508.35, P < .001; Comparative Fit Index = .98; Tucker-Lewis Index = .97; root mean square error of approximation = .13. The index had the following reliability results: for the self-efficacy subscale, alpha = .86 and test-retest r = 0.77; for the life scheme subscale, alpha = .89 and test-retest r = 0.86; and for the total scale alpha = .91 and test-retest r = 0.79, showing very good reliability. The SIWB had significant and expected correlations with other quality-of-life instruments that measure well-being or spirituality: Zung Depression Scale (r = 0-.42, P < .001), General Well-Being Scale (r = 0.64, P < .001), and Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWB) (r = 0.62, P < .001). There was a modest correlation between the religious well-being subscale of the SWB and the SIWB (r = 0.35, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The Spirituality Index of Well-Being is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in health-related quality-of-life studies. |
| Publication | Annals of Family Medicine |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 499-503 |
| Date | 2004 Sep-Oct |
| Journal Abbr | Ann Fam Med |
| ISSN | 1544-1709 |
| Short Title | The Spirituality Index of Well-Being |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15506588 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 13:05:54 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 15506588 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The objective of this study was to test a valid and reliable measure of spirituality that would be useful in patient populations. Results: The SIWB contains 12 items: 6 from a self-efficacy domain and 6 from a life scheme domain. Confirmatory factor analysis found the following fit indices: chi2 (54, n = 508) = 508.35, P < .001; Comparative Fit Index = .98; Tucker-Lewis Index = .97; root mean square error of approximation = .13. Conclusions: The Spirituality Index of Well-Being is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used in health-related quality-of-life studies.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Timothy P Daaleman |
| Author | Bruce B Frey |
| Author | Dennis Wallace |
| Author | Stephanie A Studenski |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Spirituality Index of Well-Being (SIWB) Scale in a patient population. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. POPULATION: Community-dwelling elderly individuals (n = 277) recruited from primary care clinic sites in the Kansas City metropolitan area. OUTCOMES MEASURED: Internal consistency, concurrent construct validity, discriminant validity, and factor analysis with Varivax rotation. RESULTS: The initial version of the SIWB contained 40 items: 20 from a self-efficacy domain and 20 from a life scheme domain. Factor analysis yielded 6 items loaded most strongly on factor 1 (intrapersonal self-efficacy) and 6 other items loaded strongly on factor 2 (life scheme). The Self-efficacy subscale had an alpha of.83 and the Life Scheme subscale had an alpha of.80; the total 12-item SIWB Scale had an alpha of.87. The SIWB had significant and expected correlations with other quality-of-life measures related to subjective well-being: EuroQol (r =.18), Geriatric Depression Scale (r = -35), the Physical Functioning Index from the Short Form 36 (r =.28), and the Years of Healthy Life Scale (r = -.35). Religiosity did not correlated significantly with the SIWB (r =.12, P =.056). CONCLUSIONS: The 12-item SIWB Scale is a valid and reliable measure of subjective well-being in an older patient population. |
| Publication | The Journal of Family Practice |
| Volume | 51 |
| Issue | 11 |
| Pages | 952 |
| Date | Nov 2002 |
| Journal Abbr | J Fam Pract |
| ISSN | 0094-3509 |
| Short Title | Spirituality Index of Well-Being Scale |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12485549 |
| Accessed | Thu Nov 12 23:01:51 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 12485549 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Spirituality Index of Well-Being (SIWB) Scale in a patient population. Conclusions: The 12-item SIWB Scale is a valid and reliable measure of subjective well-being in an older patient population.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | T P Daaleman |
| Author | A Kuckelman Cobb |
| Author | B B Frey |
| Abstract | Spirituality has become a construct of interest in American health care: however, there remains a limited understanding of how patients themselves describe spirituality and view its impact on their health and well-being. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe elements of patient-reported, health-related spirituality. A qualitative study utilized focus group interviews of 17 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 18 women with no self-identified illness. Purposeful sampling of participants who had prior experiences in healthcare settings, with or without a chronic illness, guided the sampling strategy. Editing analysis of the interview transcripts were coded into conceptual categories. Participant narratives were grouped into eight general categories: (1) change in functional status, (2) core beliefs, (3) medical/disease state information gathering and processing, (4) interpretation and understanding, (5) life scheme, (6) positive intentionality, (7) agency, and (8) subjective well-being. A change in functional status was the catalyst for two process-oriented categories; medical/disease state information gathering and processing, and the higher-order interpretation and understanding, or meaning making of life events. Core beliefs were sources that grounded and maintained an interpretative structure through which participants viewed their life events and positively framed their experiences. Life scheme described a heuristic framework through which all life events were viewed. Positive intentionality was participant belief in the capacity to execute a specific action that was required for a desired outcome. Participants tied the attitudes and practices of positive intentionality with agency, or the use or exertion of power through belief, practice, or community. Participants outlined both a positive affective and cognitive component of subjective well-being. Patients describe several interrelated elements and a process of events in their depiction of spirituality in healthcare settings. Patient-reported spirituality is predominantly a cognitive construct incorporating the domains of life scheme and positive intentionality. |
| Publication | Social Science & Medicine (1982) |
| Volume | 53 |
| Issue | 11 |
| Pages | 1503-1511 |
| Date | Dec 2001 |
| Journal Abbr | Soc Sci Med |
| ISSN | 0277-9536 |
| Short Title | Spirituality and well-being |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11710425 |
| Accessed | Thu Nov 12 21:07:34 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 11710425 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The purpose of this study was to identify and describe elements of patient-reported, health-related spirituality. A qualitative study utilized focus group interviews of 17 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 18 women with no self-identified illness. Core beliefs were sources that grounded and maintained an interpretative structure through which participants viewed their life events and positively framed their experiences. Patient-reported spirituality is predominantly a cognitive construct incorporating the domains of life scheme and positive intentionality.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Richard J. Davidson |
| Abstract | This commentary reflects on the articles in this Special Issue. The appearance of this group of articles underscores the important idea that a major target of mindfulness practice is on emotion. Transformation in trait affect is a key goal of all contemplative traditions. This commentary addresses several key methodological and conceptual issues in the empirical study of mindfulness. The many ways in which the term "mindfulness" is used in the articles in this Special Issue are noted, and they include its reference to states, traits, and independent variables that are manipulated in an experimental context. How the term "mindfulness" is conceptualized and operationalized is crucial, and for progress to be made it is essential that we qualify the use of this term by reference to how it is being operationalized in each context. Other methodological issues are considered, such as the duration of training and how it should be measured, and the nature of control and comparison groups in studies of mindfulness-based interventions. Finally, the commentary ends with a consideration of the targets within emotion processing that are likely to be impacted by mindfulness. This collection of articles underscores the substantial progress that has occurred in the empirical study of mindfulness and it is a harbinger of a very promising future in this area. |
| Publication | Emotion |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 8-11 |
| Date | February 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1037/a0018480 |
| ISSN | 1528-3542 |
| Short Title | Empirical Explorations of Mindfulness |
| Accessed | Sat Mar 6 10:03:44 2010 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Masoud Fallahi Khoshknab |
| Author | Monir Mazaheri |
| Author | Sadat Sb Maddah |
| Author | Mehdi Rahgozar |
| Abstract | Aim Validation of a scale. Background Commitment to the concept of holistic nursing and considering the importance of meeting the physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs has been well established in nursing practice (Mitchell et al. 2006). However, spiritual care is frequently overlooked and disregarded or delegated to the religious leaders (Govier 2000). Considering the definition of nursing as the diagnosis and treatment of human responses, nurses need to be well prepared in recognising and meeting the spiritual needs of their patients. There is a consensus of opinions that spirituality is important for our existence (Narayanasamy 2004). Spirituality could be defined as a sense of something greater than oneself, which comprise meaning, purpose, values and hope. Spiritual care includes those interventions which address spiritual needs of patients like respecting patients religious and cultural beliefs; communicating by listening and talking with clients; being with the patient by caring; supporting; showing empathy; facilitating participation in religious rituals; promoting a sense of well-being; and referring to chaplains and other professionals. How nurses perceive the spiritual dimension of their care and their philosophical framework has an important contribution in the ways nurses fulfil patient needs. Although this rather neglected dimension of care has a universal demand, it would be interesting to discover how different cultures perceive and understand it. No valid instrument to assess spirituality and spiritual care exists in the Persian language which is mother tongue in some countries like Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, etc. This study, therefore, was designed to validate the Persian version of The Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS) to be used in Iranian context and carry out reliability test (test re-test). Design A descriptive cross-cultural design was employed. Method Most qualified nurses working in Razi Psychiatric Center (n = 107) which is an educational centre in Tehran, countrys capital, participated in the study. All (45 women and 62 man) had at least a bachelor degree in nursing. The instrument The scale consisted of two parts, background information (22 questions) and The Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS). SSCRS was originally constructed by McSherry et al. (2002) as a multidimensional instrument. It accessed nurses beliefs and values in relation to the areas of hope, meaning and purpose, forgiveness, beliefs and values, spiritual care, relationships belief in a God, or deity, morality, creativity and self expression. Procedure The SSCRS instrument underwent the standard forward-backward procedure to translate from English to Persian. The relevant cultural adaptation was carried out. An expert panel from different disciplines was held to review it and to reach a consensus on the discrepancies. The final version in Persian was prepared after confirmation of the committee on the equivalence between the source and the translated version semantically, idiomatically, experientially and conceptually. To validate the Persian version of the instrument, content validity method was used. The SSCRS was given to ten faculty members with relevant specialties. Minor changes were made on questionnaire based on their comments. To assess face validity, the instrument was given to 13 psychiatric nurses to see how they perceive and interpret the items and to discover the potential problems. The think aloud method was used, asking the participants to reflect on the questions and share their thoughts on the entire instrument. The participants of face validity test found the wording and the components of the instrument clear and easy to understand and answer. The statistical methods used for testing the equivalence included the Cronbachs alpha coefficient, Spearmans rank correlation coefficients and t-test. The reliability and cultural equivalence between the English and Persian versions of the scale and total SSCRS scores were assessed by Cronbachs alpha. To assess reliability of the scale, test-retest was carried out. Results Background information of the participants is presented in Table 1. The internal consistency estimate was found to be satisfactory at both assessments. Test-retest results (r = 0.83) of the scale scores did not show any significant differences between test-retest values. Cronbachs alphas value showed good internal consistency of the instrument (? = 0.85). The face and content validity of the questionnaire were reached through described procedure. Table 1. ?Background variables of the participants Sex Women n = 45 Men n = 62 Total n = 107 1. *In psychiatric hospitals in Iran, usually only female staff work in wards where female patients are cared for. Discussion It is of interest that Iranian nurses who are living in a different socio-cultural context could relate to the domain of spirituality and spiritual care in the way the developers of the SSCRS with a different background have constructed. It confirms McSherry et al. (2002) saying that these components of spirituality may be universally transferrable to all individuals. The study helps to provide an understanding of how psychiatric nurses perceive spiritual care in Iran, as there were no previous studies looking at this neglected area of care in the Iranian context. The importance of this is heightened by knowing that no independent subject or lectures on spirituality and spiritual care is taught in specialised nursing programmes in Iran, only some general religion courses. This lack of conceptual clarity and difficulty in delineating these concepts in Iran brings ambiguities in identifying spiritual needs and providing spiritual care for patients. Having more people with an existentialistic perspective, these terms need to be more universal and applicable to all people regardless of having any religion or not. The present study could be a starting point in conceptualisation and clarification of spirituality and spiritual care in Iran. Conclusion The SSCRS is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing spirituality and spiritual care among psychiatric nurses in Iran. Relevance to clinical practice Valid and reliable scales are needed to assess spirituality and spiritual care by Iranian nurses as an initial step in evaluating how they recognise and meet the spiritual needs of their patients. The SSCRS, as a simple administered scale, could be used in appropriate contexts with confidence. The carefully conducted process of translation minimised potential errors in transforming the scale to the new language. However, it might need future examination in different contexts in Iran to be use widely in the country. Key words Persian, reliability, scale, spiritual care, spirituality, validation |
| Publication | Journal of Clinical Nursing |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue | 19-20 |
| Pages | 2939-2941 |
| Date | Oct 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | J Clin Nurs |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03411.x |
| ISSN | 1365-2702 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20846236 |
| Accessed | Mon Nov 15 15:02:06 2010 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:59 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:59 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | C. K. Fang |
| Author | P. Y. Li |
| Author | M. L. Lai |
| Author | M. H. Lin |
| Author | D. T. Bridge |
| Author | H. W. Chen |
| Abstract | The purpose of this study was to develop a Physician’s Spiritual Well-Being Scale (PSpWBS). The significance of a physician’s spiritual well-being was explored through in-depth interviews with and qualitative data collection from focus groups. Based on the results of qualitative analysis and related literature, the PSpWBS consisting of 25 questions was established. Reliability and validity tests were performed on 177 subjects. Four domains of the PSpWBS were devised: physician’s characteristics; medical practice challenges; response to changes; and overall well-being. The explainable total variance was 65.65%. Cronbach α was 0.864 when the internal consistency of the whole scale was calculated. Factor analysis showed that the internal consistency Cronbach α value for each factor was between 0.625 and 0.794 and the split-half reliability was 0.865. The scale has satisfactory reliability and validity and could serve as the basis for assessment of the spiritual well-being of a physician. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract) |
| Publication | Journal of Medical Ethics: Journal of the Insitute of Medical Ethics |
| Volume | 37 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 6-12 |
| Date | January 2011 |
| DOI | 10.1136/jme.2010.037200 |
| ISSN | 0306-6800 |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:57:52 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:57:52 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Sergej Flere |
| Author | Leslie Francis |
| Author | Mandy Robbins |
| Abstract | The Serbian translation of the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity was developed and tested among a sample of 222 students attending Niš University who self-identified as Eastern Orthodox. The data supported the internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity of this instrument, and commended it for further use in contributing to comparative empirical research within the psychology of religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | Pastoral Psychology |
| Volume | 60 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 217-222 |
| Date | April 2011 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s11089-010-0327-2 |
| ISSN | 00312789 |
| Short Title | The Psychometric Properties of the Serbian Translation of the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:55:49 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:55:49 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Kristine L. Florczak |
| Abstract | This column is concerned with research about spirituality. A cursory overview of the concept of spirituality will be presented followed by a discussion concerning the issues that arise when gathering information about the concept using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Finally, the use of the Parse research methodology will be offered as an alternative. |
| Publication | Nursing Science Quarterly |
| Volume | 23 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 201-205 |
| Date | Jul 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Nurs Sci Q |
| DOI | 10.1177/0894318410371836 |
| ISSN | 1552-7409 |
| Short Title | Gathering information on spirituality |
| Accessed | Wed Jul 7 09:50:47 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20558644 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:03:48 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:03:48 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Alan J Gow |
| Author | Roger Watson |
| Author | Martha Whiteman |
| Author | Ian J Deary |
| Abstract | Being religious or having spiritual beliefs has been linked to improved health and well-being in several empirical studies. Potential underlying mechanisms can be suggested by psychometrically reliable and valid indices. Two self-report measures of religiosity/spirituality were completed by a cohort of older adults: the Religious Involvement Inventory and the Spiritual Well-being Scale. Both were analyzed using principal components analysis and the Mokken scaling procedure. The latter technique examines whether items can be described as having a hierarchical structure. The results across techniques were comparable and hierarchical structures were discovered in the scales. Analysis of the hierarchy in the RII items suggested the latent trait assesses the extent to which an individual's belief in God influences their life. Examining scales with a range of psychometric techniques may give a better indication of the latent construct being assessed, particularly the hierarchies within these which may be of interest to those investigating religiosity-health associations. |
| Publication | Journal of Religion and Health |
| Volume | 50 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 5-19 |
| Date | Mar 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | J Relig Health |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10943-010-9375-2 |
| ISSN | 1573-6571 |
| Short Title | A stairway to heaven? |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20614185 |
| Accessed | Mon Apr 4 19:48:36 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20614185 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:56:31 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:56:31 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Daniel E Hall |
| Author | Harold G Koenig |
| Author | Keith G Meador |
| Abstract | Over 100 measures of religiousness and spirituality are used in research investigating the associations between religion and health. These measures are often used to assess "religiousness in general," but this approach lumps together widely divergent worldviews in ways that can distort religion beyond recognition. The authors suggest that the existing measures of religiousness are perhaps better understood as reverse-coded measures of "secularism." This argument suggests that the existing data regarding religiousness and health might be best interpreted as demonstrating a small, robust health liability associated with a deliberately secular worldview. If true, this conclusion might change the direction of future research, and it would imply that meaningful inferences about the health associations of religious practice will depend on developing tools that measure specific religions in their particularity. |
| Publication | Explore (New York, N.Y.) |
| Volume | 4 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 368-373 |
| Date | 2008 Nov-Dec |
| Journal Abbr | Explore (NY) |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.explore.2008.08.002 |
| ISSN | 1550-8307 |
| Short Title | Hitting the target |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18984548 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 19:34:00 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 18984548 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The authors suggest that the existing measures of religiousness are perhaps better understood as reverse-coded measures of “secularism.” This argument suggests that the existing data regarding religiousness and health might be best interpreted as demonstrating a small, robust health liability associated with a deliberately secular worldview.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Daniel E Hall |
| Author | Harold G Koenig |
| Author | Keith G Meador |
| Abstract | Precise measurement of religiousness remains a vexing problem. In addition to relying almost exclusively on self-report, existing measures of religiousness pay little attention to the specific context of religious belief, and this may override distinctive norms of particular faith traditions and potentially confound the conclusions drawn from such research. To address these limitations, the authors describe a modified form of narrative content analysis that could eventually sort respondents into distinct theological traditions. A pilot test among Episcopalians demonstrates encouraging reliability (kappa 0.74, 95% LCI 0.47, P < 0.0002), and tests for convergent and discriminate validity suggest that the context of religious belief is both relevant and insufficiently assessed by the existing paradigm of religious measurements. If validated in a religiously diverse sample, this approach could be combined with existing, context-free measures of religiousness to generate more meaningful findings. |
| Publication | Journal of Religion and Health |
| Volume | 49 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 164-178 |
| Date | Jun 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | J Relig Health |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10943-009-9240-3 |
| ISSN | 1573-6571 |
| Short Title | Episcopal measure of faith tradition |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 22 19:37:57 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19288198 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Daniel E Hall |
| Author | Keith G Meador |
| Author | Harold G Koenig |
| Abstract | Although existing measures of religiousness are sophisticated, no single approach has yet emerged as a standard. We review the measures of religiousness most commonly used in the religion and health literature with particular attention to their limitations, suggesting that vigilance is required to avoid over-generalization. After placing the development of these scales in historical context, we discuss measures of religious attendance, private religious practice, and intrinsic/extrinsic religious motivation. We also discuss measures of religious coping, wellbeing, belief, affiliation, maturity, history, and experience. We also address the current trend in favor of multi-dimensional and functional measures of religiousness. We conclude with a critique of the standard, "context-free" approach aimed at measuring "religiousness-in-general", suggesting that future work might more fruitfully focus on developing ways to measure religiousness in specific, theologically relevant contexts. |
| Publication | Journal of Religion and Health |
| Volume | 47 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 134-163 |
| Date | Jun 2008 |
| Journal Abbr | J Relig Health |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10943-008-9165-2 |
| ISSN | 1573-6571 |
| Short Title | Measuring religiousness in health research |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19105008 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 19:43:55 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19105008 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
We review the measures of religiousness most commonly used in the religion and health literature with particular attention to their limitations, suggesting that vigilance is required to avoid over-generalization.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Jill B Hamilton |
| Author | Jamie L Crandell |
| Author | J Kameron Carter |
| Author | Mary R Lynn |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Existing spiritual support scales for use with cancer survivors focus on the support believed to come from a religious community, clergy, or health care providers. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of a new measure of spiritual support believed to come from God in older Christian African American cancer survivors. METHODS: The Perceived Support From God Scale was administered to 317 African American cancer survivors aged 55-89 years. Psychometric evaluation involved identifying underlying factors, conducting item analysis and estimating reliability, and obtaining evidence on the relationship to other variables or the extent to which the Perceived Support From God Scale correlates with religious involvement and depression. RESULTS: The Perceived Support From God Scale consists of 15 items in two subscales (Support From God and God's Purpose for Me). The two subscales explained 59% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were .94 and .86 for the Support From God and God's Purpose for Me subscales, respectively. Test-retest correlations were strong, supporting the temporal stability of the instrument. Pearson's correlations to an existing religious involvement and beliefs scale were moderate to strong. Subscale scores on Support From God were negatively correlated to depression. DISCUSSION: Initial support for reliability and validity was demonstrated for the Perceived Support From God Scale. The scale captures a facet of spirituality not emphasized in other measures. Further research is needed to evaluate the scale with persons of other racial/ethnic groups and to explore the relationship of spirituality to other outcome measures. |
| Publication | Nursing Research |
| Volume | 59 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 102-109 |
| Date | 2010 Mar-Apr |
| Journal Abbr | Nurs Res |
| DOI | 10.1097/NNR.0b013e3181d1b265 |
| ISSN | 1538-9847 |
| Accessed | Mon Mar 22 20:10:03 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20216012 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Erling Hansen |
| Author | Lars-Gunnar Lundh |
| Author | Anders Homman |
| Author | Margit Wångby-Lundh |
| Abstract | The present article describes data from pilot studies with the Swedish versions of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS). The MAAS and two of the KIMS scales, Act with Awareness and Accept without Judgment, were found to correlate in the predicted direction with measures of well-being and emotional distress. The KIMS scales Observe and Describe showed more ambiguous results, possibly because these two scales measure a mixture of two opposite kinds of processes: healthy self-observation ("experiential self-focus") and unhealthy rumination ("analytical self-focus"). The KIMS was also used in an uncontrolled study with participants in an educational programme for close relatives of persons with borderline personality disorder, Family Connections (FC), which includes components of mindfulness training. The FC participants were found to (a) score lower than a comparison group on Act with Awareness and Accept without Judgment before treatment and (b) show significantly increased scores on Accept without Judgment after treatment. |
| Publication | Cognitive Behaviour Therapy |
| Volume | 38 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 2-15 |
| Date | 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Cogn Behav Ther |
| DOI | 10.1080/16506070802383230 |
| ISSN | 1651-2316 |
| Short Title | Measuring mindfulness |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19125361 |
| Accessed | Mon Mar 28 18:13:46 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19125361 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | R L Hatch |
| Author | M A Burg |
| Author | D S Naberhaus |
| Author | L K Hellmich |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Spirituality is receiving greater attention in the medical literature, especially in the family practice journals. A widely applicable instrument to assess spirituality has been lacking, however, and this has hampered research on the relationship between spirituality and health in the clinical setting. METHODS: A new instrument, called the Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs Scale, was designed to be widely applicable across religious traditions, to assess actions as well as beliefs to address key components not assessed in other available measures, and to be easily administered and scored. The instrument is a questionnaire containing 26 items in a modified Likert-type format. Following careful pretesting, the instrument was administered to 50 family practice patients and 33 family practice educators. The validity and reliability of the instrument were then evaluated. RESULTS: By several measures, instrument reliability and validity are very good, with high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .92); strong test-retest reliability (r = .92); a clear four-factor structure; and a high correlation (r = .80) with another established measure of spirituality, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale. CONCLUSIONS: The Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs Scale (SIBS) appears to have good reliability and validity. Compared with other instruments that assess spirituality, the SIBS has several theoretical advantages, including broader scope, use of terms that avoid cultural-religious bias, and assessment of both beliefs and actions. More testing is underway to further assess its usefulness. |
| Publication | The Journal of Family Practice |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 476-486 |
| Date | Jun 1998 |
| Journal Abbr | J Fam Pract |
| ISSN | 0094-3509 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9638112 |
| Accessed | Thu Nov 12 17:44:06 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 9638112 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
A new instrument, called the Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs Scale, was designed to be widely applicable across religious traditions, to assess actions as well as beliefs to address key components not assessed in other available measures, and to be easily administered and scored. The instrument is a questionnaire containing 26 items in a modified Likert-type format.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Dawn Hawthorne |
| Author | JoAnne M Youngblut |
| Author | Dorothy Brooten |
| Abstract | The Spiritual Coping Strategies (SCS) Scale measures how frequently religious and nonreligious (spiritual) coping strategies are used to cope with a stressful experience. This study's purpose is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly translated Spanish version of the SCS. A total of 51 bilingual adults completed the SCS in Spanish and English, with 25 completing them again 2-3 weeks later. Internal consistency reliability for the Spanish (r = 0.83) and English (r = 0.82) versions of the SCS in the total sample were good. Test-retest reliability was .84 for the Spanish and .80 for the English version. Spanish and English responses to the SCS items and the resulting score for the subscales and the total scale were not significantly different. Scores on the English and Spanish versions were correlated as expected with time since the stressful event and happiness with family and with spouse or partner, supporting the validity of the Spanish SCS. Study findings support the reliability and validity of the newly translated Spanish SCS. |
| Publication | Journal of Nursing Measurement |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 46-54 |
| Date | 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | J Nurs Meas |
| ISSN | 1061-3749 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21560900 |
| Accessed | Wed Jun 8 18:48:12 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21560900 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:55:16 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:55:16 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Peter C Hill |
| Author | Kenneth I Pargament |
| Abstract | Empirical studies have identified significant links between religion and spirituality and health. The reasons for these associations, however, are unclear. Typically, religion and spirituality have been measured by global indices (e.g., frequency of church attendance, self-rated religiousness and spirituality) that do not specify how or why religion and spirituality affect health. The authors highlight recent advances in the delineation of religion and spirituality concepts and measures theoretically and functionally connected to health. They also point to areas for areas for growth in religion and spirituality conceptualization and measurement. Through measures of religion and spirituality more conceptually related to physical and mental health (e.g., closeness to God, religious orientation and motivation, religious support, religious struggle), psychologists are discovering more about the distinctive contributions of religiousness and spirituality to health and well-being. |
| Publication | The American Psychologist |
| Volume | 58 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 64-74 |
| Date | Jan 2003 |
| Journal Abbr | Am Psychol |
| ISSN | 0003-066X |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12674819 |
| Accessed | Thu Nov 12 23:17:43 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 12674819 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Typically, religion and spirituality have been measured by global indices (e.g., frequency of church attendance, self-rated religiousness and spirituality) that do not specify how or why religion and spirituality affect health. The authors highlight recent advances in the delineation of religion and spirituality concepts and measures theoretically and functionally connected to health.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Eric D Hill |
| Author | Heather K Terrell |
| Author | Steven Hladkyj |
| Author | Craig T Nagoshi |
| Abstract | Two studies examined correlates of the Narrative Emplotment Scale (NES), which measures the extent to which individuals perceive chance events and unchosen experiences as meaningfully connected. In Study 1 (N=99), the NES demonstrated adequate test-retest stability and good internal reliability. The scale was positively related to paranormal beliefs, mystical experiences, and absorption. In Study 2 (N=342), personality measures indicative of external locus of control, intrinsic religiosity, well-being, satisfaction with life, and a measure of frequency of coincidence experience were all positively correlated with narrative emplotment, providing further support for the construct validity of the scale. In terms of the question of whether meaning making is predictive of better or worse psychological adjustment, analyses indicated that the relationship between narrative emplotment and psychological adjustment was moderated by individual differences in coping strategies. Path analysis indicated that emplotment was a mediator of the pathway between religiosity and well-being. Emplotment had a negative effect on well-being through chance locus of control. These analyses suggest that this type of meaning-making is an important variable for understanding religious/spiritual beliefs and their influence on psychological adjustment. |
| Publication | British Journal of Psychology |
| Volume | 100 |
| Issue | Pt 4 |
| Pages | 675-698 |
| Date | Nov 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Br J Psychol |
| DOI | 10.1348/000712608X396585 |
| ISSN | 0007-1269 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/pubmed/19236793 |
| Accessed | Mon Nov 23 20:12:49 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19236793 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | David R Hodge |
| Author | Gordon E Limb |
| Abstract | At the turn of the century, the Joint Commission--the nation's largest health care accrediting organization--began requiring spiritual assessments in hospitals and many other mental health settings frequented by Native Americans. Despite high levels of service use, culturally unique forms of spirituality, and a history of oppression in mainstream settings, no research has explored how to best implement this new requirement with Native Americans. Accordingly, this mixed-method study asked recognized experts in Native American culture (N = 50) to identify the degree of cultural consistency, strengths, and limitations of the new assessment framework and a culturally valid question protocol to operationalize the requirements. The results indicate that the framework is moderately consistent with Native American culture, and a number of practice-oriented suggestions and tools are offered to implement the requirements in a culturally valid manner. |
| Publication | Social Work |
| Volume | 55 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 297-307 |
| Date | Oct 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Soc Work |
| ISSN | 0037-8046 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20977053 |
| Accessed | Mon Nov 15 14:53:48 2010 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:59 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:59 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | David R Hodge |
| Author | Gordon E Limb |
| Abstract | Mental health practitioners are increasingly called on to administer spiritual assessments with Native American clients, in spite of limited training on the topic. To help practitioners better understand the strengths and limitations of various assessment instruments from a Native perspective, this study used a sample of recognized experts in Native American culture (N = 50) to evaluate a complementary set of spiritual assessment instruments or tools. Specifically, each instrument's degree of consistency with Native culture was evaluated along with its strengths and limitations for use with Native clients. A brief overview of each instrument is provided, along with the results, to familiarize readers with a repertoire of spiritual assessment tools so that the most culturally appropriate method can be selected in a given clinical context. |
| Publication | Health & Social Work |
| Volume | 35 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 121-131 |
| Date | May 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Health Soc Work |
| ISSN | 0360-7283 |
| Short Title | A Native American perspective on spiritual assessment |
| Accessed | Sun May 30 11:33:56 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20506866 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Volkmar Höfling |
| Author | Helfried Moosbrugger |
| Author | Karin Schermelleh-Engel |
| Author | Thomas Heidenreich |
| Abstract | The 15 items of the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) are negatively worded and assumed to assess mindfulness. However, there are indications of differences between the original MAAS and a version with the positively rephrased MAAS items ("mirror items"). The present study examines whether the mindfulness facet "mindful attention and awareness" (MAA) can be measured with both positively and negatively worded items if we take method effects due to item wording into account. To this end, the 15 negatively worded items of the MAAS and additionally 13 positively rephrased items were assessed (N = 602). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) models with and without regard to method effects were carried out and evaluated by means of model fit. As a result, the positively and negatively worded items should be seen as different methods that influence the construct validity of mindfulness. Furthermore, a modified version of the MAAS (MAAS-Short) with five negatively worded items (taken from the MAAS) and five positively worded items ("mirror items") was introduced as an alternative to assess MAA. The MAAS-Short appears superior to the original MAAS. The results and the limitations of the present study are discussed. |
| Publication | European Journal of Psychological Assessment |
| Volume | 27 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 59-64 |
| Date | 2011 |
| DOI | 10.1027/1015-5759/a000045 |
| ISSN | 1015-5759 |
| Short Title | Mindfulness or Mindlessness? |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 15 18:55:29 2011 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:57:52 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:57:52 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Ellen L Idler |
| Author | David A Boulifard |
| Author | Erich Labouvie |
| Author | Yung Y Chen |
| Author | Tyrone J Krause |
| Author | Richard J Contrada |
| Abstract | Research in religion and health has spurred new interest in measuring religiousness. Measurement efforts have focused on subjective facets of religiousness such as spirituality and beliefs, and less attention has been paid to congregate aspects, beyond the single item measuring attendance at services. We evaluate some new measures for religious experiences occurring during congregational worship services. Respondents (N=576) were religiously-diverse community-dwelling adults interviewed prior to cardiac surgery. Exploratory factor analysis of the new items with a pool of standard items yielded a readily interpretable solution, involving seven correlated but distinct factors and one index variable, with high levels of internal consistency. We describe religious affiliation and demographic differences in these measures. Attendance at religious services provides multifaceted physical, emotional, social, and spiritual experiences that may promote physical health through multiple pathways. |
| Publication | The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 1-20 |
| Date | Jan 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Int J Psychol Relig |
| DOI | 10.1080/10508610802471096 |
| ISSN | 1050-8619 |
| Short Title | Looking Inside the Black Box of "Attendance at Services" |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19214241 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 19:52:41 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19214241 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
We evaluate some new measures for religious experiences occurring during congregational worship services. Respondents (N=576) were religiously-diverse community-dwelling adults interviewed prior to cardiac surgery. Exploratory factor analysis of the new items with a pool of standard items yielded a readily interpretable solution, involving seven correlated but distinct factors and one index variable, with high levels of internal consistency.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Brick Johnstone |
| Author | Dong Pil Yoon |
| Abstract | Purpose: To determine relationships between the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS; i.e., positive/negative spirituality, forgiveness, religious practices, positive/negative congregational support) and physical and mental health (Medical Outcomes Scale-Short Form 36; SF-36) for individuals with chronic disabilities. Research Method: A cross-sectional analysis of 118 individuals evaluated in outpatient settings, including 61 with traumatic brain injury (TBI), 32 with cerebral vascular accidents (CVA), and 25 with spinal cord injury (SCI). Results: Three of 6 BMMRS factor scores (i.e., positive spiritual experience, forgiveness, negative spiritual experience) were significantly correlated with the SF-36 General Health Perception (GHP) scale, and only 1 of 6 BMMRS factor scores (i.e., negative spiritual experience) was significantly and negatively correlated with the SF-36 General Mental Health (GMH) scale. BMMRS scales did not significantly predict either physical or mental health in hierarchical multiple regressions. Conclusions: Positive spiritual experiences and willingness to forgive are related to better physical health, while negative spiritual experiences are related to worse physical and mental health for individuals with chronic disabilities. Future research using the BMMRS will benefit from using a 6-factor model that evaluates positive/negative spiritual experiences, religious practices, and positive/negative congregational support. Interventions to accentuate positive spiritual beliefs (e.g., forgiveness protocols, etc.) and reduce negative spiritual beliefs for individuals with chronic disabilities are suggested. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved). |
| Publication | Rehabilitation Psychology |
| Volume | 54 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 422-431 |
| Date | Nov 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Rehabil Psychol |
| DOI | 10.1037/a0017758 |
| ISSN | 1939-1544 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/pubmed/19929124 |
| Accessed | Mon Nov 30 19:20:55 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19929124 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Brick Johnstone |
| Author | Dong Pil Yoon |
| Author | Kelly Lora Franklin |
| Author | Laura Schopp |
| Author | Joseph Hinkebein |
| Abstract | RATIONALE: This study attempted to differentiate statistically the spiritual and religious factors of the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS), which was developed based on theoretical conceptualizations that have yet to be adequately empirically validated in a population with significant health disorders. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred sixty-four individuals with heterogeneous medical conditions [i.e., brain injury, spinal cord injury (SCI), cancer, stroke, primary care conditions]. METHODS: Participants completed the BMMRS as part of a pilot study on spirituality, religion, and physical and mental health. RESULTS: A principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation and Kaiser normalization identified a six-factor solution (opposed to the expected 8-factor solution) accounting for 60% of the variance in scores, labeled as: (1) Positive Spiritual Experience; (2) Negative Spiritual Experience; (3) Forgiveness; (4) Religious Practices; (5) Positive Congregational Support; and (6) Negative Congregational Support. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest the BMMRS assesses distinct positive and negative aspects of religiousness and spirituality that may be best conceptualized in a psychoneuroimmunological context as measuring: (a) Spiritual Experiences (i.e., emotional experience of feeling connected with a higher power/the universe); (b) Religious Practices (i.e., prayer, rituals, service attendance); (c) Congregational Support; and (d) Forgiveness (i.e., a specific coping strategy that can be conceptualized as religious or non-religious in context). |
| Publication | Journal of Religion and Health |
| Volume | 48 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 146-163 |
| Date | Jun 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | J Relig Health |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10943-008-9179-9 |
| ISSN | 1573-6571 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19421866 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 20:03:00 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19421866 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
This study attempted to differentiate statistically the spiritual and religious factors of the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS), which was developed based on theoretical conceptualizations that have yet to be adequately empirically validated in a population with significant health disorders. Conclusions: The results suggest the BMMRS assesses distinct positive and negative aspects of religiousness and spirituality.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Solomon Kalkstein |
| Author | Roni Beth Tower |
| Abstract | A substantive literature connects spirituality to positive physical, social, and mental health. In this study, the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES) was administered to 410 subjects who participated in a community study and to 87 residents at the Hebrew Home for the Aged at Riverdale (HHAR), the latter sample consisting primarily of older Jewish respondents. Internal consistency of the DSES in both samples was high and exploratory factor analyses revealed one dominant factor and a second factor, which included 14 and 2 items, respectively, consistent with the scale's original validation (Underwood and Teresi 2002). Demographic subgroup comparison among religious groups revealed significantly fewer daily spiritual experiences among Jews, and lowest scores among those respondents endorsing no religious affiliation. Women exhibited more frequent daily experience than men, and attainment of higher levels of education was associated with less frequent daily spiritual experience. All but one of the outcome measures of physical and psychologic well-being were found to be positively associated with the DSES so that more frequent daily spiritual experience correlated with less psychopathology, more close friendships, and better self-rated health. Directions for future research, study interpretation and limitations, and clinical implications for use of the DSES are discussed. |
| Publication | Journal of Religion and Health |
| Volume | 48 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 402-417 |
| Date | Dec 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | J Relig Health |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10943-008-9203-0 |
| ISSN | 1573-6571 |
| Short Title | The daily spiritual experiences scale and well-being |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19890717 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 20:16:53 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19890717 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
In this study, the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES) was administered to 410 subjects who participated in a community study and to 87 residents at the Hebrew Home for the Aged at Riverdale (HHAR). Internal consistency of the DSES in both samples was high and exploratory factor analyses revealed one dominant factor and a second factor, which included 14 and 2 items, respectively, consistent with the scale’s original validation.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Shanmukh V. Kamble |
| Author | Christopher Alan Lewis |
| Author | Sharon Mary Cruise |
| Abstract | The present study examined the internal reliability and temporal stability of both the long and short forms of the New Indices of Religious Orientation, containing measures of Intrinsic, Extrinsic, and Quest religiosity, over a 15-day period among a sample of 100 Indian university students. Internal reliabilities for the long form of the measure at times 1 and 2 were acceptable for all subscales with the exception of the intrinsic subscale at time 2. Reliability estimates for the extrinsic and intrinsic subscales of the short form of the measure at both time 1 and time 2 were also less than satisfactory, though the alpha coefficients for the quest subscale were satisfactory. Data demonstrated that stability across the two administrations for both long- and short-form versions of the three dimensions of religious orientation were moderately high to high (ranging from r = 0.63 to r = 0.76). Moreover, intra-class correlation coefficients were similar to those derived from the Pearson's correlation coefficients, thus confirming that there were no systematic errors between the time 1 and time 2 datasets. However, there were significant differences in mean scores between time 1 and time 2 for both long- and short-form versions of the intrinsic and quest religious orientation subscales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | Mental Health, Religion & Culture |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 7/8 |
| Pages | 833-839 |
| Date | Nov November 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1080/13674676.2010.489390 |
| ISSN | 13674676 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Afton N. Kapuscinski |
| Author | Kevin S. Masters |
| Abstract | Despite spirituality's growing popularity within psychology, measurement of the construct remains challenging. The difficulty largely arises from disagreement regarding the nature of spirituality per se and its relationship to religiousness. The present paper provides a critical review of scale development practices for 24 measures of spirituality including information pertaining to conceptualization, item generation and revision practices, format, sample characteristics, and psychometric properties. Findings raise theological and methodological concerns, which inform several recommendations for future development and validation of spirituality measures. |
| Publication | Psychology of Religion and Spirituality |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 191-205 |
| Date | November 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1037/a0020498 |
| ISSN | 1941-1022 |
| URL | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B9846-51HB622-1/2/0551e89585fe8b4d93a2924f4d176653 |
| Accessed | Mon Dec 13 20:44:02 2010 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Michael King |
| Author | Harold Koenig |
| Abstract | The need to take account of spirituality in research and health services provision is assuming ever greater importance. However the field has long been hampered by a lack of conceptual clarity about the nature of spirituality itself. We do not agree with the sceptical claim that it is impossible to conceptualise spirituality within a scientific paradigm. Our aims are to 1) provide a brief over-view of critical thinking that might form the basis for a useful definition of spirituality for research and clinical work and 2) demystify the language of spirituality for clinical practice and research. |
| Publication | BMC Health Services Research |
| Volume | 9 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 116 |
| Date | 2009 |
| DOI | 10.1186/1472-6963-9-116 |
| ISSN | 1472-6963 |
| URL | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6963/9/116 |
| Accessed | Thu Oct 22 16:27:12 2009 |
| Library Catalog | BioMed Central and More |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
We do not agree with the sceptical claim that it is impossible to conceptualise spirituality within a scientific paradigm. Our aims are to 1) provide a brief over-view of critical thinking that might form the basis for a useful definition of spirituality for research and clinical work and 2) demystify the language of spirituality for clinical practice and research.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Michael King |
| Author | Louise Jones |
| Author | Kelly Barnes |
| Author | Joseph Low |
| Author | Carl Walker |
| Author | Susie Wilkinson |
| Author | Christina Mason |
| Author | Juliette Sutherland |
| Author | Adrian Tookman |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Higher levels of religious involvement are modestly associated with better health, after taking account of other influences, such as age, sex and social support. However, little account is taken of spiritual beliefs that are not tied to personal or public religious practice. Our objective was to develop a standardized measure of spirituality for use in clinical research. METHOD: We characterized the core components of spirituality using narrative data from a purposive sample of people, some of whom were near the end of their lives. These data were developed into statements in a scale to measure strength of spiritual beliefs and its reliability, validity and factor structure were evaluated in order to reach a final version. RESULTS: Thirty-nine people took part in the qualitative study to define the nature of spirituality in their lives. These data were used to construct a 47-item instrument that was evaluated in 372 people recruited in medical and non-medical settings. Analysis of these statements led to a 24-item version that was evaluated in a further sample of 284 people recruited in similar settings. The final 20-item questionnaire performed with high test-retest and internal reliability and measures spirituality across a broad religious and non-religious perspective. CONCLUSIONS: A measure of spiritual belief that is not limited to religious thought, may contribute to research in psychiatry and medicine. |
| Publication | Psychological Medicine |
| Volume | 36 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 417-425 |
| Date | Mar 2006 |
| Journal Abbr | Psychol Med |
| DOI | 10.1017/S003329170500629X |
| ISSN | 0033-2917 |
| Short Title | Measuring spiritual belief |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16288679 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 15:30:24 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 16288679 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Our objective was to develop a standardized measure of spirituality for use in clinical research. Method: We characterized the core components of spirituality using narrative data from a purposive sample of people, some of whom were near the end of their lives. Conclusions: A measure of spiritual belief that is not limited to religious thought may contribute to research in psychiatry and medicine.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Harold G Koenig |
| Abstract | Spirituality is increasingly being examined as a construct related to mental and physical health. The definition of spirituality, however, has been changing. Traditionally, spirituality was used to describe the deeply religious person, but it has now expanded to include the superficially religious person, the religious seeker, the seeker of well-being and happiness, and the completely secular person. Instruments used to measure spirituality reflect this trend. These measures are heavily contaminated with questions assessing positive character traits or mental health: optimism, forgiveness, gratitude, meaning and purpose in life, peacefulness, harmony, and general well-being. Spirituality, measured by indicators of good mental health, is found to be correlated with good mental health. This research has been reported in some of the world's top medical journals. Such associations are meaningless and tautological. Either spirituality should be defined and measured in traditional terms as a unique, uncontaminated construct, or it should be eliminated from use in academic research. |
| Publication | The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease |
| Volume | 196 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 349-355 |
| Date | May 2008 |
| Journal Abbr | J. Nerv. Ment. Dis |
| DOI | 10.1097/NMD.0b013e31816ff796 |
| ISSN | 1539-736X |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18477877 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 18:57:13 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 18477877 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Traditionally, spirituality was used to describe the deeply religious person, but it has now expanded to include the superficially religious person, the religious seeker, the seeker of well-being and happiness, and the completely secular person. Instruments used to measure spirituality reflect this trend. These measures are heavily contaminated with questions assessing positive character traits or mental health: optimism, forgiveness, gratitude, meaning and purpose in life, peacefulness, harmony, and general well-being. Such associations are meaningless and tautological.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Niko Kohls |
| Author | Sebastian Sauer |
| Author | Harald Walach |
| Abstract | There is an ongoing discussion about the definition of mindfulness including the question whether mindfulness is a one-dimensional or multidimensional construct. Research on the Freiburg mindfulness inventory (FMI) has also reflected this debate. We have investigated the psychometric properties of the FMI-14-item in an online convenience sample of n = 244 individuals (150 female; mean age 28.7 (SD = 8.76)) with (n = 75) and without (n = 169) regular meditative training). A simplified version of the beck depression inventory (BDI-V) and the trait subscale of the state-trait-anxiety-inventory (STAI-T) were used for determining criterion validity. A one-dimensional ([alpha] = .83) and an alternative two-dimensional solution ([alpha]F1 = .77; [alpha]F2 = .69) of the FMI-14 were tested with a confirmatory factor analysis and yielded suboptimal fit indices. An exploratory analysis resulted in a reduced 8-item version of the two-dimensional solution with better fit indices, but low internal consistency ([alpha]F1 = .71; [alpha]F2 = .64). The factors could be identified as "Presence" (F1) and "Acceptance" (F2). Further investigation revealed that the substantial negative relationship between mindfulness and anxiety and depression is completely due to the "Acceptance" factor of mindfulness. This suggests that there may be heuristic value in the two-factorial solution, although for practical purposes it seems sufficient to assess mindfulness as one-dimensional construct. |
| Publication | Personality and Individual Differences |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 224-230 |
| Date | January 2009 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.009 |
| ISSN | 0191-8869 |
| URL | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V9F-4TYPJ1P-1/2/9b4aeecb7be8a48214b595bfeea752c4 |
| Accessed | Mon Mar 28 19:44:24 2011 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Ya-Lie Ku |
| Author | Shih-Ming Kuo |
| Author | Ching-Yi Yao |
| Abstract | The present study was conducted to establish the validity of the spritual distress scale (SDS), a scale developed as part of a qualitative study in which 20 cancer patients were interviewed about spritual needs in 2003-2004. The SDS has four domains: relationship with self, relationship with others, relationship with God, and attitude towards death A measurement study was conducted whereby 85 patients completed the SDS during their hospitalization in the oncology unit of a medical centre in southern Taiwan. The SDS, including four domains of sub-scales, was broader than other spiritual scales in the literature that only contained one or two domains and focused on the health area. The SDS has established the adequate content and construct validity. Further training of nurses for assessing spiritual distress of cancer patients using the SDS would be recommended for future study. The established content and construct validity of the SDS could be applied in oncology for nurses to assess spiritual distress of cancer patients. |
| Publication | International Journal of Palliative Nursing |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 134-138 |
| Date | Mar 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Int J Palliat Nurs |
| ISSN | 1357-6321 |
| Accessed | Sun Apr 25 18:05:58 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20357706 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Peter la Cour |
| Author | Niels C. Hvidt |
| Abstract | This article proposes a framework of concepts for the field of existential meaning-making in secular cultures such as those of Northern Europe. Seeking an operational approach, we have narrowed the field's components down to a number of basic domains and dimensions that provide a more authentic cultural basis for research in secular society. Reviewing the literature, three main domains of existential meaning-making emerge: Secular, spiritual, and religious. In reconfirming these three domains, we propose to couple them with the three dimensions of cognition (knowing), practice (doing), and importance (being), resulting in a conceptual framework that can serve as a fundamental heuristic and methodological research tool for mapping the field of existential meaning-making and health. The proposed grid might contribute to clearer understanding of the multidimensional nature of existential meaning-making and as a guide for posing adequate research and clinical questions in the field. |
| Publication | Social Science & Medicine |
| Volume | 71 |
| Issue | 7 |
| Pages | 1292-1299 |
| Date | October 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.06.024 |
| ISSN | 0277-9536 |
| URL | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VBF-50HP2YY-2/2/a9cd684d63cdb650ff59baffe45014ea |
| Accessed | Mon Nov 15 15:24:58 2010 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:59 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:59 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Jordan P. LaBouff |
| Author | Wade C. Rowatt |
| Author | Megan K. Johnson |
| Author | Michelle Thedford |
| Author | Jo-Ann Tsang |
| Abstract | An implicit measure of religiousness-spirituality (RS) was constructed and used in two studies. In Study 1, undergraduates completed a Religiousness-Spirituality Implicit Association Test (RS-IAT) and several self-report measures of RS and related constructs (e.g., religious fundamentalism, authoritarianism). Informants rated the participants’ RS. The RS-IAT was internally consistent. Implicit RS correlated positively with self-reported RS, spiritual transcendence, spiritual experiences, religious fundamentalism, and intrinsic religiousness. Informant ratings correlated positively with participants’ self-reported religiousness but not implicit RS. In Study 2, implicit RS accounted for unique variability in self-reported attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women when controlling for self-reported religiousness and right-wing authoritarianism. These findings demonstrate that an implicit measure of trait RS explains some variability in attitudes that self-report measures do not. An implicit measure of RS could advance the scientific study of religion beyond what is known from self-report measures. |
| Publication | Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion |
| Volume | 49 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 439-455 |
| Date | 09/2010 |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1468-5906.2010.01521.x |
| ISSN | 00218294 |
| URL | http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2010.01521.x |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:02:29 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:02:29 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Wendy Sue Looman |
| Author | Shewikar Farrag |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND Social capital, defined as an investment in relationships that facilitates the exchange of resources, has been identified as a possible protective factor for child health in the context of risk factors such as poverty. Reliable and valid measures of social capital are needed for research and practice, particularly in non-English-speaking populations in developing countries. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the psychometric properties and cross-cultural equivalence of the Arabic translation of the Social Capital Scale (SCS). DESIGN Descriptive, cross-sectional study for psychometric testing of a translated tool. SETTING Two metropolitan health clinics in Alexandria, Egypt. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 117 Egyptian parents of children with chronic conditions. To be eligible to participate, respondents had to be a parent of child with a chronic health condition between the ages of 1 and 18 years. The sample included primarily biological parents between the ages of 20 and 56 years. METHODS The 20-item Arabic SCS was administered as part of a written survey that included additional measures on demographic information and parent ratings of the child's overall health. Six items were ultimately removed based on item analysis, and exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the resulting 14-item scale. As a measure of construct validity, hypothesis testing was conducted using an independent samples t-test to determine whether a significant difference exists between mean total social capital scores for two groups of respondents based on the parental rating of the child's overall health. RESULTS Item and factor analysis yielded preliminary support for a revised, 14-item Arabic SCS with four internally consistent factors. The standardized item alpha reliability coefficient for the total 14-item scale was .75. Respondents who reported that their child was in good health had significantly higher social capital scores than those who rated their child's health as poor. CONCLUSIONS The 14-item Arabic SCS was found to be reliable and valid in this sample, with four internally consistent factors. While the tool may not be appropriate for comparing social capital between cultural groups, it will enable clinicians and researchers to address an important gap in knowledge characterized by a paucity of research on childhood chronic illness in low- and middle-income countries such as Egypt. |
| Publication | International Journal of Nursing Studies |
| Volume | 46 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 44-53 |
| Date | Jan 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Int J Nurs Stud |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.07.010 |
| ISSN | 1873-491X |
| Short Title | Psychometric properties and cross-cultural equivalence of the Arabic Social Capital Scale |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18783773 |
| Accessed | Mon Mar 28 18:29:00 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 18783773 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Monty L. Lynn |
| Author | Michael J. Naughton |
| Author | Steve VanderVeen |
| Abstract | Workplace spirituality research has sidestepped religion by focusing on the function of belief rather than its substance. Although establishing a unified foundation for research, the functional approach cannot shed light on issues of workplace pluralism, individual or institutional faith-work integration, or the institutional roles of religion in economic activity. To remedy this, we revisit definitions of spirituality and argue for the place of a belief-based approach to workplace religion. Additionally, we describe the construction of a 15-item measure of workplace religion informed by Judaism and Christianity—the Faith at Work Scale (FWS). A stratified random sample (n = 234) of managers and professionals assisted in refining the FWS which exhibits a single factor structure (Eigenvalue = 8.88; variance accounted for = 59.22%) that is internally consistent (Cronbach’s α = 0.77) and demonstrates convergent validity with the Faith Maturity Scale (r = 0.81, p > 0.0001). The scale shows lower skew and kurtosis with Mainline and Catholic adherents than with Mormons and Evangelicals. Validation of the scale among Jewish and diverse Christian adherants would extend research in workplace religion. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract) |
| Publication | Journal of Business Ethics |
| Volume | 85 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 227-243 |
| Date | March 2009 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10551-008-9767-3 |
| ISSN | 0167-4544 |
| Short Title | Faith at Work Scale (FWS) |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Douglas A Macdonald |
| Author | Harris L Friedman |
| Abstract | This article presents information on standardized paper-and-pencil measures of spiritual and transpersonal constructs that hold promise for use in yoga research. Nine instruments are discussed at length including the Assessment Schedule for Altered States of Consciousness, Ego Grasping Orientation, Expressions of Spirituality Inventory, Hindu Religious Coping Scale, Measures of Hindu Pathways, Self-Expansiveness Level Form, Spiritual Orientation Inventory, Spiritual Transcendence Scale, and the Vedic Personality Inventory. As well, a listing of an additional 14 measures, along with primary citations, is provided. In conclusion, the authors proffer recommendations for the use of psychometric tests and provide a general proposal for programmatic research. |
| Publication | International Journal of Yoga |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 2-12 |
| Date | Jan 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Int J Yoga |
| DOI | 10.4103/0973-6131.53837 |
| ISSN | 0973-6131 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21234209 |
| Accessed | Mon Mar 28 18:13:46 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21234209 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:07:00 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Pam McGrath |
| Abstract | The preliminary findings presented in this article are part of a research program that is concerned with exploring the notion of spirituality for those dealing with serious illness. The aim of the program is not only to deepen our understanding of how individuals construct their spirituality in the face of life-threatening illness, but also to respond to such insights by beginning to develop a language reflective of the commonalities of experience. The development of such a language involves a three-phase process including the thematic development of qualitative data, comparative analysis of findings from disparate sample groups, and expert reflection of conceptual notions within the context of the richness of traditional philosophical/theological literature. This discussion focuses on the preliminary process of qualitative data development based on in-depth interviews with survivors of a hematological malignancy. The findings indicate that, for those who have a nonreligious framework, there is no shared language readily available to communicate their insights and experience with serious illness. However, the qualitative analysis also indicates that such survivors share a number of identifiable conceptual notions. These notions are articulated as a preliminary step in language development. |
| Publication | Health Communication |
| Volume | 18 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 217-235 |
| Date | 2005 |
| Journal Abbr | Health Commun |
| DOI | 10.1207/s15327027hc1803_2 |
| ISSN | 1041-0236 |
| Short Title | Developing a language for nonreligious spirituality in relation to serious illness through research |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16187929 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 15:27:12 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 16187929 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The aim of the program is not only to deepen our understanding of how individuals construct their spirituality in the face of life-threatening illness, but also to respond to such insights by beginning to develop a language reflective of the commonalities of experience.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Mahnaz Moghanloo |
| Author | Maryam Aguilar-Vafaie |
| Author | Mehrnaz Shahraray |
| Abstract | Objectives: The aim of this descriptive study was to examine the relationships between identity styles of the Berzonsky model and religiosity. Method: 359 students (182 males and 177 females) who were selected using a randomized stratified multi-stage method from among undergraduate students of Shahid Beheshti and Tehran universities, were assessed using Berzonsky Identity Styles Inventory (ISI), Islamic Orientation Questionnaire, and the Duriez Post Critical Belief Scale (PCBS). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. Results: Based on correlation analysis, most religiousity variables were positively related to informational and normative identity styles and negatively related to diffuse/avoidant identity style. Also, stepwise regression analysis showed that religious belief and practice, was predicted by informational and normative identity styles, inclusion of transcendence was predicted by normative and diffuse/avoidant identity styles (negatively) and symbolic processing was positively predicted by informational identity style. Conclusion: The positive relation of most religiousity factors with informational and normative identity styles, and their negative relationship with diffuse/avoidant identity styles indicates that these factors belong to a common religious construct. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract) |
| Publication | Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 377-387 |
| Date | 2010 |
| ISSN | 1735-4315 |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Siu-Man Ng |
| Author | Ted C T Fong |
| Author | Elaine Y L Tsui |
| Author | Friendly S W Au-Yeung |
| Author | Sally K W Law |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Daily spiritual experience (DSE) refers to one's interaction with the transcendent in day-to-day life. Underwood's Daily Spiritual Experience Scale mic(DSES) was developed to measure this experiential component of religiousness and spirituality. Addressing ordinary daily experiences rather than particular beliefs, DSES has transcultural applicability potential. PURPOSE: The current study aimed to develop and evaluate the Chinese version of DSES (DSES-C). METHOD: The 16-item scale was translated faithfully through standard translation/back-translation procedures. The term "God" required an extended definition embracing both a humanized and a philosophical higher power in Chinese culture. The translated scale plus a battery of validation scales were administered to staff of a large rehabilitation service complex, resulting in 245 completed questionnaires. RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis revealed a similar factor structure as the original English version and similar problems with items 13 (compassion) and 14 (mercy). After carefully deliberating on the Chinese conceptualization of spirituality and balancing psychometric properties, the one-factor 16-item structure of the English version was supported. DSES-C showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.97). Construct validity was supported by correlations with validation scales in expected directions. CONCLUSION: The psychometric properties of DSES were similar to the English version in factor structure, internal consistency, and convergence/divergence construct validity. |
| Publication | International Journal of Behavioral Medicine |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 91-97 |
| Date | 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Int J Behav Med |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12529-009-9045-5 |
| ISSN | 1532-7558 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19291413 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 19:57:42 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19291413 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Background: Daily spiritual experience (DSE) refers to one’s interaction with the transcendent in day-to-day life. Underwood’s Daily Spiritual Experience Scale mic(DSES) was developed to measure this experiential component of religiousness and spirituality. Purpose: The current study aimed to develop and evaluate the Chinese version of DSES (DSES-C). Conclusion: The psychometric properties of DSES were similar to the English version in factor structure, internal consistency, and convergence/divergence construct validity.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Doug Oman |
| Abstract | This commentary describes a multidimensional approach that underlies much recent empirical research on religion and spirituality (RS) and health. Each faith tradition possesses its own particularities, and common facets shared with other traditions as a coherent resemblance. Taxonomies of RS dimensions vary from being coarse grained to fine grained. The most useful taxonomy depends upon the particular research question. Fine-grained measures may more easily document particularistic facets. However, fine-grained measures can obscure common facets, which are sometimes usefully assessed by moderate- or coarse-grained measures. Full understanding requires the scientific study of both common and particularistic facets. In light of these conceptions, seven RS scales critiqued by Glicksman are analyzed for problematic themes that may obscure particularistic facets. |
| Publication | Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging |
| Volume | 21 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 275-286 |
| Date | October 2009 |
| DOI | 10.1080/15528030902862471 |
| ISSN | 1552-8030 |
| Short Title | Unique and Common Facets of Religion and Spirituality |
| URL | http://www.informaworld.com.ezproxy.bu.edu/10.1080/15528030902862471 |
| Accessed | Mon Nov 2 20:21:06 2009 |
| Library Catalog | Informaworld |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Doug Oman |
| Author | Carl E. Thoresen |
| Author | Crystal L. Park |
| Author | Phillip R. Shaver |
| Author | Ralph W. Hood |
| Author | Thomas G. Plante |
| Abstract | We report the theoretical background, psychometric properties, and correlates of the Spiritual Modeling Inventory of Life Environments (SMILE), a measure of perceptions of spiritual models, defined as everyday and prominent people who have functioned for respondents as exemplars of spiritual qualities, such as compassion, self-control, or faith. Demographic, spiritual, and personality correlates were examined in an ethnically diverse sample of college students from California, Connecticut, and Tennessee (N = 1010). A summary measure of model influence was constructed from perceived models within family, school, and religious organization, and among prominent individuals from both tradition and media. The SMILE, based on concepts from Bandura's (1986) Social Cognitive Theory, was well-received by respondents. The summary measure demonstrated good 7-week test-retest reliability (r = 0.83); patterns of correlation supporting convergent, divergent, and criterion-related validity; demographic differences in expected directions; and substantial individual heterogeneity. Implications are discussed for further research and for pastoral, educational, and health-focused interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Mental Health, Religion & Culture is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts) |
| Publication | Mental Health, Religion & Culture |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 427-456 |
| Date | July 2009 |
| DOI | 10.1080/13674670902758257 |
| ISSN | 13674676 |
| Short Title | How does one become spiritual? |
| URL | http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.bu.edu/login.aspx? direct=true&db=rlh&AN=42411016&… |
| Accessed | Mon Oct 26 20:57:31 2009 |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Raquel Gehrke Panzini |
| Author | Camila Maganha |
| Author | Neusa Sica da Rocha |
| Author | Denise Ruschel Bandeira |
| Author | Marcelo P Fleck |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: To analyze the psychometric properties of the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Instrument--Spirituality, Religion and Personal Beliefs module (WHOQOL-SRPB). METHODS: The WHOQOL-SRPB, the Brief Spiritual/Religious Coping Scale (Brief-SRCOPE Scale), the WHOQOL-BREF and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were consecutively applied in a convenience sample of 404 patients and workers of a university hospital and workers of a university, in the city of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, between 2006 and 2009. The sample was stratified by sex, age, health status and religion/belief. The retest of the two first instruments was conducted with 54 participants. Exploratory factorial analyses of the WHOQOL-SRPB with the method of main components were performed, without limiting the number of factors, and requiring eight factors concomitantly with the WHOQOL-BREF items. RESULTS: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the WHOQOL-SRPB (General SRPB-Domain) showed construct validity, with a discriminatory validity between believers and non-believers (t = 7.40; p = 0.0001); concurrent criterion-related validity, distinguishing depressed individuals from non-depressed ones (t = 5.03; p = 0.0001); convergent validity with the WHOQOL-BREF (physical r = 0.18; psychological r = 0.46; social r = 0.35; environmental r = 0.29; global r = 0.23; p = 0.0001) and with the SRPB-Domain of the WHOQOL-100 (r = 0.78; p = 0.0001); and convergent/discriminatory validity with the brief SRCOPE Scale (with positive SRCOPE r = 0.64; p = 0.0001/negative SRCOPE r = -0.03; p = 0.554). Excellent test-retest reliability (t = 0.74; p = 0.463) and internal consistency (α = 0.96; intrafactorial correlation 0.87 > r > 0.60; p = 0.0001) were observed. The exploratory factorial analyses performed corroborated the eight-factor structure of the WHOQOL-SRPB multicenter study. CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the WHOQOL-SRPB showed good psychometric qualities and use valid and reliable in Brazil. It is suggested that new studies be conducted with specific populations, such as different religions, cultural groups and/or diseases. |
| Publication | Revista De Saúde Pública |
| Volume | 45 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 153-165 |
| Date | Feb 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | Rev Saude Publica |
| ISSN | 1518-8787 |
| Accessed | Tue Mar 15 14:29:24 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21181054 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:57:14 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:57:14 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | E H Raleigh |
| Author | S Boehm |
| Abstract | In this psychometric study, a scale to measure hope in chronically ill patients was developed and evaluated. Four hundred fifty participants with a variety of chronic diagnoses completed two forms of the Multidimensional Hope Scale (MHS) (state and trait) and the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). High levels of internal consistency (alpha = .95) and test-retest reliability (r = .82, p < .001) were estimated for the state form. Good concurrent validity was also indicated with a significant negative correlation between the MHS and the BHS (r = -.45, p < .001). Factor analysis using principal axis factoring and oblimin rotation identified six factors: Resource to Others, Civic Interest, Spirituality, Health, Social Support, and Self-Actualization. The psychometric data suggest a promising tool for measuring hopefulness in physically ill individuals. |
| Publication | Journal of Nursing Measurement |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 155-167 |
| Date | 1994 |
| Journal Abbr | J Nurs Meas |
| ISSN | 1061-3749 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7780770 |
| Accessed | Thu Nov 12 17:19:58 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 7780770 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
In this psychometric study, a scale to measure hope in chronically ill patients was developed and evaluated. The psychometric data suggest a promising tool for measuring hopefulness in physically ill individuals.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Nicola Reavley |
| Author | Julie F. Pallant |
| Publication | Personality and Individual Differences |
| Volume | 47 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 547-552 |
| Date | 10/2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Personality and Individual Differences |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.paid.2009.05.007 |
| ISSN | 01918869 |
| URL | http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0191886909002128 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Linda A. Robertson |
| Abstract | This study describes the development of the Spiritual Competency Scale, which was based on the Association for Spiritual, Ethical and Religious Values in Counseling's original Spiritual Competencies. Participants were 662 counseling students from religiously based and secular universities nationwide. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a 22-item, 6-factor solution with internal consistency. The data highlighted areas for remediation, suggested that a stand-alone spirituality in counseling course may be the most effective instructional strategy, and provided a template for revisions to the Spiritual Competencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | Counseling & Values |
| Volume | 55 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 6-24 |
| Date | October 2010 |
| ISSN | 01607960 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:59 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:59 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Camelia Rohani |
| Author | Sedigheh Khanjari |
| Author | Heidar-Ali Abedi |
| Author | Fatemeh Oskouie |
| Author | Ann Langius-Eklöf |
| Abstract | This paper is a report of a study to translate one Swedish and three English instruments into the Persian language, and to estimate their validity and reliability. The Sense of Coherence Scale, Health Index, Brief Religious Coping Scale and Spiritual Perspective Scale are all well tested instruments for use in nursing research. Since there was no Persian translation of these instruments, they had to be translated and cross-culturally adapted for nursing research in the Iranian culture. After the translation process, sampling for psychometric tests was done. A sample of healthy Iranian people (n = 375) was selected to response to the instruments in 2006, at baseline and 1 month later. Cronbach's alpha values and intra-class correlations were high. Tests of criterion-related validity showed that six of the ten hypotheses were confirmed, and the four rejected hypotheses did not imply a threat to validity. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that sense of coherence was the strongest predictor of well-being (Health Index scores) both at baseline and 1 month later. There is a sound psychometric basis for using the Iranian versions of these instruments in nursing research with the Iranian population. The Sense of Coherence Scale proved to be as valid and reliable as in Western countries, which supports its cross-cultural applicability. |
| Publication | Journal of Advanced Nursing |
| Volume | 66 |
| Issue | 12 |
| Pages | 2796-2806 |
| Date | Dec 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | J Adv Nurs |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05409.x |
| ISSN | 1365-2648 |
| Short Title | Health index, sense of coherence scale, brief religious coping scale and spiritual perspective scale |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/pubmed/20722813 |
| Accessed | Tue Jan 18 18:59:49 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20722813 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Heinz Streib |
| Author | Ralph W. Hood |
| Author | Constantin Klein |
| Abstract | This article presents the Religious Schema Scale (RSS). Its conceptual background is the model of religious styles. After a conceptual discussion of the relation between religious styles and religious schemata, the steps of scale construction are reported. Based on 822 responses from research participants in the United States and Germany to a preliminary 78-item version, we used construct-oriented iterative and factor-analytic procedures for reducing the RSS to a 15-item version that consists of three 5-item subscales with acceptable reliabilities. Confirmatory factor analysis indicates that the RSS has a robust 3-factor structure, which is cross-culturally valid in both the United States and Germany. We report correlations of the RSS with the Big Five, Psychological Well-Being, Religious Fundamentalism, and Right-Wing Authoritarianism. We also present predictive characteristics of the RSS in regard to Fowler's stages of faith. Finally, we report results on the incremental validity of the RSS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | International Journal for the Psychology of Religion |
| Volume | 20 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 151-172 |
| Date | Jul-Sep2010 July 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1080/10508619.2010.481223 |
| ISSN | 10508619 |
| Short Title | The Religious Schema Scale |
| Accessed | Tue Jul 27 12:42:40 2010 |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:03:48 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:03:48 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Kimiko Tanaka |
| Abstract | The article points out the limitations in surveys measuring religiosity and spirituality using the measures developed in Christian or Western contexts. Japanese people think of religion (shukyo) as revealed religion such as Christianity that has specific doctrinal belief and faith. Through their history of religious regulation, Japanese people came to consider themselves "non-religious" as a way of survival, not to be punished by political authorities and not to be stigmatized in their community. Thus they tend to answer that they consider themselves "non-religious" in surveys, while performing ritual performances for their ancestors in Buddhist temples and Buddhist altars not only to thank ancestors but also to ease the psychological fear people have toward muenbotoke, restless ancestors who have no legitimate offspring to take care of them. To extend the study of spirituality or religiousness in the Japanese context, qualitative studies are necessary not to misinterpret religiousness and spirituality in Japanese context. |
| Publication | The Social Science Journal |
| Volume | 47 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 845-852 |
| Date | December 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.soscij.2010.07.010 |
| ISSN | 0362-3319 |
| Accessed | Tue Jan 18 20:12:40 2011 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Lynn G Underwood |
| Author | Jeanne A Teresi |
| Abstract | Spirituality and religiousness are gaining increasing attention as health research variables. However, the particular aspects examined vary from study to study, ranging from church attendance to religious coping to meaning in life. This frequently results in a lack of clarity regarding what is being measured, the meaning of the relationships between health variables and spirituality, and implications for action. This article describes the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) and its development, reliability, exploratory factor analyses, and preliminary construct validity. Normative data from random samples and preliminary relationships of health-related data with the DSES also are included. Detailed data for the 16-item DSES are provided from two studies; a third study provided data on a subset of 6 items, and afourth study was done on the interrater reliability of the item subset. A 6-item version was used in the General Social Survey because of the need to shorten the measure for the survey. A rationale for the conceptual underpinnings and item selection is provided, as are suggested pathways for linkages to health and well-being. This scale addresses reported ordinary experiences of spirituality such as awe, joy that lifts one out of the mundane, and a sense of deep inner peace. Studies using the DSES may identify ways in which this element of life may influence emotion, cognition and behavior, and health or ways in which this element may be treated as an outcome in itself a particular component of well-being. The DSES evidenced good reliability across several studies with internal consistency estimates in the .90s. Preliminary evidence showed that daily spiritual experience is related to decreased total alcohol intake, improved quality of life, and positive psychosocial status. |
| Publication | Annals of Behavioral Medicine: A Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine |
| Volume | 24 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 22-33 |
| Date | 2002 |
| Journal Abbr | Ann Behav Med |
| ISSN | 0883-6612 |
| Short Title | The daily spiritual experience scale |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12008791 |
| Accessed | Thu Nov 12 21:31:14 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 12008791 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
This article describes the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) and its development, reliability, exploratory factor analyses, and preliminary construct validity. Normative data from random samples and preliminary relationships of health-related data with the DSES also are included. Preliminary evidence showed that daily spiritual experience is related to decreased total alcohol intake, improved quality of life, and positive psychosocial status.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Nicholas T. Van Dam |
| Author | Mitch Earleywine |
| Author | Ashley Borders |
| Abstract | The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) is one of the most popular measures of mindfulness, exhibiting promising psychometric properties and theoretically consistent relationships to brain activity, mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) outcomes, and mediation of MBI effects. The present study investigated the response patterns and scale properties in a large sample of undergraduate students (N = 414) using Item Response Theory analyses. The findings suggest that general statements of "automatic inattentiveness" or "automatic pilot" confer greater statistical information about the underlying latent trait. Evidence of limited abilities to report on mindlessness and of response bias to "mindfulness-absent" items suggests challenges to the construct validity of the MAAS. The current findings, along with pre-existing data, suggest that reverse-scoring the scale may be inadequate to represent intentional attention or awareness. Further research is needed to determine which variations, components, and correlates of the numerous operationalizations of mindfulness are theoretically consistent and most salient to positive outcomes, especially in psychopathology. |
| Publication | Personality and Individual Differences |
| Volume | 49 |
| Issue | 7 |
| Pages | 805-810 |
| Date | November 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.paid.2010.07.020 |
| ISSN | 0191-8869 |
| URL | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V9F-50RMPGB-2/2/c5b51a992a23b45c29271ae96371ec0f |
| Accessed | Mon Dec 13 20:42:31 2010 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | W. Larry Ventis |
| Author | Christopher T. Ball |
| Author | Claudia Viggiano |
| Abstract | The logical tension between humanistic views and traditional deity-centered religious beliefs represents an important psychological conflict for many traditionally religious individuals. Because this conflict can generate anxiety, many people may avoid it, and only encounter the issues unconsciously. We created a Christian Humanist Implicit Association Test to assess implicit evaluative responses to Humanist beliefs among Christian students. We administered the test to 233 students (96 men and 137 women) and also examined test–retest reliability on a subsample (n = 31). Validity of the test received support in correlations with established religious measures. Examples include the correlations with the Rejection of Christianity Scale (r = −.31, p < .001), and with an explicit rating of Warmth to Christianity (r = .38, p < .001). Future research should compare implicit and explicit attitudes toward humanism of differing religions and differing Christian denominations, as well as exploring religious orientations which may more comfortably integrate Christian and Humanist perspectives. |
| Publication | Psychology of Religion and Spirituality |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 181-189 |
| Date | 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Psychology of Religion and Spirituality |
| DOI | 10.1037/a0018456 |
| ISSN | 1943-1562 |
| URL | http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm? doi=10.1037/a0018456 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:03:07 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:03:07 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | B Vivat |
| Abstract | Members of the Quality of Life Group (QLG) of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) are developing a stand-alone functional measure of spiritual well being for palliative care patients, which will have both a clinical and a measurement application. This article discusses data from a literature review, conducted at two time points as part of the development process of this instrument. The review identified 29 existing measures of issues relating to patients' spirituality or spiritual well being. Twenty two are stand-alone measures of which 15 can be categorised as substantive (investigating the substance of respondents' beliefs) and seven as functional (exploring the function those beliefs serve). However, perhaps owing to the lack of consensus concerning spirituality or spiritual well being, the functional measures all have different (although sometimes overlapping) dimensions. In addition, they were all developed in a single cultural context (the United States), often with predominantly Christian participants, and most were not developed with palliative care patients. None is, therefore, entirely suitable for use with palliative care patients in the United Kingdom or continental Europe. |
| Publication | Palliative Medicine |
| Volume | 22 |
| Issue | 7 |
| Pages | 859-868 |
| Date | Oct 2008 |
| Journal Abbr | Palliat Med |
| DOI | 10.1177/0269216308095990 |
| ISSN | 1477-030X |
| Short Title | Measures of spiritual issues for palliative care patients |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18755826 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 19:11:10 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 18755826 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Members of the Quality of Life Group (QLG) of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) are developing a stand-alone functional measure of spiritual well being for palliative care patients, which will have both a clinical and a measurement application. This article discusses data from a literature review, conducted at two time points as part of the development process of this instrument.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Emyr Williams |
| Abstract | Building on the work of Francis among a sample of students, this study examined the psychometric properties of The New Indices of Religious Orientation among 432 worshippers in five Anglican cathedrals in England and Wales. The data demonstrated that all the indices achieved satisfactory alpha coefficients for both the full scale (extrinsic, 0.79; intrinsic, 0.76; and quest, 0.75) and the short form (extrinsic, 0.70, intrinsic, 0.79; and quest, 0.70). The construct validity of the New Indices of Religious Orientation was supported by examination against self-reported frequency of personal prayer. These findings suggest that the scales provide a satisfactory measure of religious orientation among a religious sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | Mental Health, Religion & Culture |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 7/8 |
| Pages | 829-832 |
| Date | Nov November 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1080/13674670802113439 |
| ISSN | 13674676 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | W. Paul Williamson |
| Author | Ralph Hood |
| Author | Aneeq Ahmad |
| Author | Mahmood Sadiq |
| Author | Peter C. Hill |
| Abstract | This paper introduces a new five-item cross-cultural fundamentalism scale based on the principle of intratextuality. Free of belief content and concerns with militancy, each of the five items taps into a different facet of intratextuality that collectively assess the attitudes that fundamentalists maintain toward their sacred text-namely, a persuasion that it is divine in origin, inerrant, privileged above all other texts, authoritative, and unchanging as the embodiment of timeless truth. In this article, we present three studies concerned with the Intratextual Fundamentalism Scale (IFS). Study 1 introduces the development, confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent validity of the IFS based on a sample of 119 Christians in the US as well as examines its relationship to religious orientation. Study 2 replicates the findings of the first study with a sample of 220 Muslims from Pakistan. Study 3 again confirms the structure of the IFS, addresses divergent validity, and investigates its relationship with religious orientation and Goldberg's Big 5 factor markers in a sample of 227 US Christians. Findings of all three studies suggest that the IFS is a psychometrically sound instrument that economically assesses religious fundamentalism without religious content bias or concern for aggression. Results also indicate that, only for Americans, fundamentalism, as measured by the IFS, is significantly related to intrinsic (r = 0.35; r = 0.51) and extrinsic-personal (r = 0.33; r = 0.23) religious orientations, but not extrinsic-social orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | Mental Health, Religion & Culture |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 7/8 |
| Pages | 721-747 |
| Date | Nov November 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1080/13674670802643047 |
| ISSN | 13674676 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:19 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Benjamin T. Wood |
| Author | Everett L. Worthington |
| Author | Julie Juola Exline |
| Author | Ann Marie Yali |
| Author | Jamie D. Aten |
| Author | Mark R. McMinn |
| Abstract | Perceived relationships with God can be a source of comfort or struggle. To advance the study of spiritual comfort and struggle, we develop the nine-item Attitudes toward God Scale (ATGS-9), and we describe six studies (2,992 total participants) reporting its development and psychometrics. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses identified two factors: (1) Positive Attitudes toward God and (2) Disappointment and Anger with God. Subscale scores showed good estimated internal consistency, 2-week temporal stability, and evidence for construct and discriminant validity. Positive Attitudes toward God correlated with measures of religiosity and conscientiousness. Disappointment and Anger with God correlated with negative religious coping, lower religious participation, more distress, higher neuroticism, and entitlement. These results support the ATGS-9 as a brief measure of attitudes toward God. |
| Publication | Psychology of Religion and Spirituality |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 148-167 |
| Date | 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Psychology of Religion and Spirituality |
| DOI | 10.1037/a0018753 |
| ISSN | 1943-1562 |
| URL | http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm? doi=10.1037/a0018753 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:03:07 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:03:07 2011 |