| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Fathieh Abu-Moghli |
| Author | Manar Nabolsi |
| Author | Inaam Khalaf |
| Author | Wafika Suliman |
| Abstract | This qualitative descriptive study explored Muslim religious leaders' perception, knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS, AIDS prevention and their attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Twenty Islamic religious leaders (males and females) participated in two audio-taped focus group discussions. A content analysis approach was used to analyse the data as appropriate for descriptive qualitative inquiry. The study results showed that Muslim religious leaders do not perceive AIDS as a major health problem in Jordan, and that following the Islamic values lowers the risky behaviours. The religious leaders reflected varied responses to PLWHA but they agreed that they have responsibilities towards the prevention of HIV/AIDS, and that sex education contributes to healthy behaviours, and consequently to the prevention of HIV transmission. The findings of this study provided an insight into Muslim religious leaders' perception of PLWHA and highlighted the importance of their role in the prevention of AIDS. The study recommended that health care professionals, including nurses and health policy makers, should involve religious leaders in all efforts directed at planning and setting policies aimed at the prevention of HIV/AIDS and the treatment of infected people. Nurses should be responsible for conducting HIV/AIDS prevention programs in different settings utilizing relevant religious guidelines and teachings, in addition to providing holistic care to AIDS patients with emphasis on the spiritual dimension. |
| Publication | Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences |
| Volume | 24 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 655-662 |
| Date | December 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2009.00757.x |
| ISSN | 02839318 |
| Short Title | Islamic religious leaders' knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS and their perception of people living with HIV/AIDS |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:58:46 2011 |
This study explored twenty Islamic religious leaders' (males and females) perception, knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS, AIDS prevention and attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Results showed that Muslim religious leaders do not perceive AIDS as a major health problem in Jordan, and that following the Islamic values lowers the risky behaviours. The religious leaders reflected varied responses to PLWHA but they agreed that they have responsibilities towards the prevention of HIV/AIDS, and that sex education contributes to healthy behaviours, and consequently to the prevention of HIV transmission.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Jannette Berkley-Patton |
| Author | Carole Bowe-Thompson |
| Author | Andrea Bradley-Ewing |
| Author | Starlyn Hawes |
| Author | Erin Moore |
| Author | Eric Williams |
| Author | David Martinez |
| Author | Kathy Goggin |
| Abstract | Utilizing a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach is a potentially effective strategy for exploring the development, implementation, and evaluation of HIV interventions in African American churches. This CBPR-guided study describes a church-based HIV awareness and screening intervention (Taking It to the Pews [TIPS]) that fully involved African American church leaders in all phases of the research project. Findings from the implementation and evaluation phases indicated that church leaders delivered TIPS Tool Kit activities on an ongoing basis (about twice a month) over a 9-month period. TIPS church members were highly exposed to TIPS activities (e.g., 91% reported receiving HIV educational brochures, 84% heard a sermon about HIV). Most (87%) believed that the church should talk about HIV, and 77% believed that the church should offer HIV screening. These findings suggest that implementing an HIV intervention in Black church settings is achievable, particularly when a CBPR approach is used. |
| Publication | AIDS Education and Prevention: Official Publication of the International Society for AIDS Education |
| Volume | 22 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 218-237 |
| Date | Jun 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | AIDS Educ Prev |
| DOI | 10.1521/aeap.2010.22.3.218 |
| ISSN | 1943-2755 |
| Short Title | Taking It to the Pews |
| Accessed | Wed Jul 7 10:24:01 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20528130 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
<div> <div>This community-based participatory research (CBPR) guided study describes a church-based HIV awareness and screening intervention that fully involved African American church leaders in all phases of the research project. Findings presented in the article suggest that implementing an HIV intervention in Black church settings is achievable, particularly when a CBPR approach is used.<br /><span><br /><a href="../../../../zotero.jar%21/content/zotero/tinymce/note.html"></a></span></div> </div>
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Jill E Bormann |
| Author | Adam W Carrico |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: There is evidence that various meditation practices reduce distress, but little is known about the mechanisms of frequently repeating a mantram-a spiritual word or phrase-on distress reduction. Mantram repetition is the portable practice of focusing attention frequently on a mantram throughout the day without a specific time, place, or posture. PURPOSE: We examined the hypothesis of whether increases in positive reappraisal coping or distancing coping mediated the sustained decreases in anger found following a group-based mantram intervention that was designed to train attention and promote awareness of internal experiences. METHOD: A secondary analysis was performed on data collected from a randomized controlled trial that compared a group-based mantram intervention (n = 46) to an attention-matched control (n = 47) in a community sample of human immunodeficiency virus-positive adults. Positive reappraisal and distancing coping were explored as potential mediators of anger reduction. RESULTS: Participants in the mantram intervention reported significant increases in positive reappraisal coping over the 5-week intervention period, whereas the control group reported decreases. Increases in positive reappraisal coping during the 5-week intervention period appear to mediate the effect of mantram on decreased anger at 22-week follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that a group-based mantram intervention may reduce anger by enhancing positive reappraisal coping. |
| Publication | International Journal of Behavioral Medicine |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 74-80 |
| Date | March 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Int J Behav Med |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12529-008-9007-3 |
| ISSN | 1532-7558 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/pubmed/19127438 |
| Accessed | Tue Sep 15 00:41:09 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19127438 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
We examined the hypothesis of whether increases in positive reappraisal coping or distancing coping mediated the sustained decreases in anger found following a group-based mantram intervention. Findings suggest that a group-based mantram intervention may reduce anger by enhancing positive reappraisal coping.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Jill E Bormann |
| Author | Allen L Gifford |
| Author | Martha Shively |
| Author | Tom L Smith |
| Author | Laura Redwine |
| Author | Ann Kelly |
| Author | Sheryl Becker |
| Author | Madeline Gershwin |
| Author | Patricia Bone |
| Author | Wendy Belding |
| Abstract | We examined the efficacy of a psycho-spiritual intervention of mantram repetition--a word or phrase with spiritual associations repeated silently throughout the day--on psychological distress (intrusive thoughts, stress, anxiety, anger, depression), quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction, and existential spiritual well-being in HIV-infected adults. Using a 2-group by 4-time repeated measures design, 93 participants were randomly assigned to mantram (n = 46) or attention control group (n = 47). Over time, the mantram group improved significantly more than the control group in reducing trait-anger and increasing spiritual faith and spiritual connectedness. Actual mantram practice measured by wrist counters was inversely associated with non-HIV related intrusive thoughts and positively associated with quality of life, total existential spiritual well-being, meaning/peace, and spiritual faith. Intent-to-treat findings suggest that a mantram group intervention and actual mantram practice each make unique contributions for managing psychological distress and enhancing existential spiritual well-being in adults living with HIV/AIDS. |
| Publication | Journal of Behavioral Medicine |
| Volume | 29 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 359-376 |
| Date | Aug 2006 |
| Journal Abbr | J Behav Med |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10865-006-9063-6 |
| ISSN | 0160-7715 |
| Short Title | Effects of spiritual mantram repetition on HIV outcomes |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16847590 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 16:41:49 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 16847590 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
We examined the efficacy of a psycho-spiritual intervention of mantram repetition--a word or phrase with spiritual associations repeated silently throughout the day--on psychological distress (intrusive thoughts, stress, anxiety, anger, depression), quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction, and existential spiritual well-being in HIV-infected adults.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Kimberly Boyd-Starke |
| Author | Oliver W Hill |
| Author | John Fife |
| Author | Marcina Whittington |
| Abstract | The participants were 256 African-American students between the ages of 18 and 25, from two historically Black universities. The purpose of this study was to see how dimensions of religiosity and spirituality influenced the HIV risk behavior in African-American college students. Each participant completed the Expressions of Spirituality Inventory (ESI) and a survey of sexual attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. The data were analyzed using a series of ANOVAs, t tests, and correlations. The results from the study confirmed that there was a relationship between religiosity/spirituality and one's tendency to engage in HIV risk behaviors in the population of African-American college students. Interestingly, this study was able to reveal that traditional indicators of religiosity, such as association and church attendance, were not predictors of any of the risky sexual behaviors or attitudes. The portions of religiosity with the greatest impact on these behaviors were the Experiential/Phenomenological, the Existential Well-being, and the Cognitive dimensions, with high scores on each indicative of less likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behaviors. |
| Publication | Psychological Reports |
| Volume | 108 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 528-536 |
| Date | Apr 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | Psychol Rep |
| ISSN | 0033-2941 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21675567 |
| Accessed | Wed Jul 13 18:11:45 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21675567 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:54:25 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:54:25 2011 |
The purpose of this study was to see how dimensions of religiosity and spirituality influenced the HIV risk behavior in African-American college students. 256 African-American students between the ages of 18 and 25 were participants. The results from the study confirmed that there was a relationship between religiosity/spirituality and one's tendency to engage in HIV risk behaviors in the population of African-American college students. The portions of religiosity with the greatest impact on these behaviors were the Experiential/Phenomenological, the Existential Well-being, and the Cognitive dimensions.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | W. T. Cade |
| Author | D. N. Reeds |
| Author | K. E. Mondy |
| Author | E. T. Overton |
| Author | J. Grassino |
| Author | S. Tucker |
| Author | C. Bopp |
| Author | E. Laciny |
| Author | S. Hubert |
| Author | S. Lassa-Claxton |
| Author | K. E. Yarasheski |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: People living with HIV infection are at increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Safe and effective interventions for lowering CVD risk in HIV infection are high priorities. We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled study to evaluate whether a yoga lifestyle intervention improves CVD risk factors, virological or immunological status, or quality of life (QOL) in HIV-infected adults relative to standard of care treatment in a matched control group. METHODS: Sixty HIV-infected adults with mild-moderate CVD risk were assigned to 20 weeks of supervised yoga practice or standard of care treatment. Baseline and week 20 measures were: 2-h oral glucose tolerance test with insulin monitoring, body composition, fasting serum lipid/lipoprotein profile, resting blood pressures, CD4 T-cell count and plasma HIV RNA, and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF)-36 health-related QOL inventory. RESULTS: Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressures improved more (P=0.04) in the yoga group (-5 +/- 2 and -3 +/- 1 mmHg, respectively) than in the standard of care group (+1 +/- 2 and+2 +/- 2 mmHg, respectively). However, there was no greater reduction in body weight, fat mass or proatherogenic lipids, or improvements in glucose tolerance or overall QOL after yoga. Immune and virological status was not adversely affected. CONCLUSION: Among traditional lifestyle modifications, yoga is a low-cost, simple to administer, nonpharmacological, popular behavioural intervention that can lower blood pressure in pre-hypertensive HIV-infected adults with mild-moderate CVD risk factors. |
| Publication | HIV Medicine |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 379-388 |
| Date | Jul 1, 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | HIV Med |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2009.00801.x |
| ISSN | 1468-1293 |
| Accessed | Tue Jul 27 12:18:01 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20059570 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:03:23 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:03:23 2011 |
This article presents a prospective, randomized, controlled study to evaluate whether a yoga lifestyle intervention improves cardiovascular disease risk factors, virological or immunological status, or quality of life (QOL) in HIV-infected adults relative to standard of care treatment in a matched control group. The results showed that among traditional lifestyle modifications, yoga is a low-cost, simple to administer, nonpharmacological, popular behavioural intervention that can lower blood pressure in pre-hypertensive HIV-infected adults with mild–moderate cardiovascular risk factors.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Bei-Hung Chang |
| Author | Ulrike Boehmer |
| Author | Yue Zhao |
| Author | Elizabeth Sommers |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVES: Treatment advances have transformed human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) into a chronic manageable disease; quality of life (QoL) has become an important health outcome. Some studies have shown the individual effects of acupuncture and the relaxation response (RR) in improving QoL of patients with HIV/AIDS. In light of the presumed shared features of acupuncture and the RR, we conducted a pilot study to examine the effects of adding the RR to usual acupuncture treatment on improving the QoL of HIV/AIDS patients. DESIGN: Two-arm double-blind randomized controlled trial. SETTINGS/LOCATION AND SUBJECTS: We enrolled 119 patients with HIV/AIDS (mean age 46 years, 85% male) who had at least 1 of the highly prevalent HIV-related symptoms and who were receiving acupuncture treatment in an acupuncture clinic in Boston, MA. INTERVENTION: We randomized patients into intervention (N = 58) and control (N = 61) groups. All participants received individualized acupuncture treatments prescribed by their acupuncturists. While receiving acupuncture treatment, the intervention group wore earphones to listen to tapes with instructions to elicit the RR followed by soft music that was routinely played in the clinic; the control group listened only to soft music. OUTCOME MEASURES: Three (3) QoL scales: the Medical Outcomes Study HIV health survey, the Functional Assessment of HIV Infection, and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being, measured at baseline, 4-week, 8-week, and 12-week follow-ups. RESULTS: At the 12-week follow-up, the intervention group showed significant improvements in emotional (p = 0.0002), spiritual/peace (p = 0.02), physical (p = 0.003) and mental health (p = 0.0003) QoL from baseline. Results of mixed effects regression models indicated linear trends of improvement over time in these dimensions of QoL for the intervention group (p < 0.02). In the control group, the only significant improvement was observed in the emotional QoL (p < 0.01). The intervention group showed trends of greater improvements than the control group (p = 0.07 for 12-week physical health QoL). CONCLUSIONS: Data from this pilot trial suggested that adding the RR to acupuncture may enhance improvement in QoL of patients with HIV/AIDS. Further investigation on this putative synergistic effect is warranted. |
| Publication | Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.) |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue | 8 |
| Pages | 807-815 |
| Date | Oct 2007 |
| Journal Abbr | J Altern Complement Med |
| DOI | 10.1089/acm.2007.7024 |
| ISSN | 1075-5535 |
| Short Title | The combined effect of relaxation response and acupuncture on quality of life in patients with HIV |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17983336 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 18:15:56 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 17983336 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Some studies have shown the individual effects of acupuncture and the relaxation response (RR) in improving QoL of patients with HIV/AIDS. We conducted a pilot study to examine the effects of adding the RR to usual acupuncture treatment on improving the QoL of HIV/AIDS patients. Data from this pilot trial suggested that adding the RR to acupuncture may enhance improvement in QoL of patients with HIV/AIDS.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Christopher L Coleman |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Research has shown that spirituality has a positive effect on physical and mental health; however, few studies have explored the influence of spirituality and sexuality on mental well-being and functional health status in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIM: This descriptive cross-sectional study was designed to examine the relationships among spirituality, sexual orientation, mental well-being and aspects of functional health status (physical, role, social and cognitive functioning) in a sample of 117 African-American men and women living with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: Spirituality was measured using the Spiritual Well-Being Scale. A demographic questionnaire gathered data on sexual orientation, age and gender. The Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire-30 assessed aspects of functional health status and mental well-being. The HIV Symptom Checklist for Persons With HIV disease was used to collect data on HIV symptoms. The data were collected in 1996. FINDINGS: The findings indicate that spirituality had a direct relationship with cognitive and social functioning and was inversely related to HIV symptoms. Sexual orientation had direct relationships with mental well-being, cognitive, physical, social and role functioning. t-Tests showed that heterosexual participants reported poorer mental well-being and functional health status compared with homosexual participants. Regression analysis showed that spirituality, sexual orientation, age and HIV symptoms contributed significantly to mental well-being and functional health status. CONCLUSIONS: The regression analysis showed that spirituality, sexual orientation, age and HIV symptoms contributed significantly to mental well-being and functional health status. Further research is needed to explore the various ways that sexual orientation influences health status findings in those with HIV disease in certain segments of the population. The findings support the inclusion of spirituality as a variable when examining mental well-being and physical health. Finally, given the limitations of the design, more rigorous methods should be employed to understand further the contribution of spirituality to the health status of African-Americans living with HIV, because of its social importance to this particular community. |
| Publication | Journal of Advanced Nursing |
| Volume | 43 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 457-464 |
| Date | Sep 2003 |
| Journal Abbr | J Adv Nurs |
| ISSN | 0309-2402 |
| Short Title | Spirituality and sexual orientation |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12919264 |
| Accessed | Thu Nov 12 23:23:27 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 12919264 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
This descriptive cross-sectional study was designed to examine the relationships among spirituality, sexual orientation, mental well-being and aspects of functional health status (physical, role, social and cognitive functioning) in a sample of 117 African-American men and women living with HIV/AIDS. Conclusions: The regression analysis showed that spirituality, sexual orientation, age and HIV symptoms contributed significantly to mental well-being and functional health status.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Sian Cotton |
| Author | Christina M Puchalski |
| Author | Susan N Sherman |
| Author | Joseph M Mrus |
| Author | Amy H Peterman |
| Author | Judith Feinberg |
| Author | Kenneth I Pargament |
| Author | Amy C Justice |
| Author | Anthony C Leonard |
| Author | Joel Tsevat |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Spirituality and religion are often central issues for patients dealing with chronic illness. The purpose of this study is to characterize spirituality/religion in a large and diverse sample of patients with HIV/AIDS by using several measures of spirituality/religion, to examine associations between spirituality/religion and a number of demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables, and to assess changes in levels of spirituality over 12 to 18 months. METHODS: We interviewed 450 patients from 4 clinical sites. Spirituality/religion was assessed by using 8 measures: the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spirituality-Expanded scale (meaning/peace, faith, and overall spirituality); the Duke Religion Index (organized and nonorganized religious activities, and intrinsic religiosity); and the Brief RCOPE scale (positive and negative religious coping). Covariates included demographics and clinical characteristics, HIV symptoms, health status, social support, self-esteem, optimism, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: The patients' mean (SD) age was 43.3 (8.4) years; 387 (86%) were male; 246 (55%) were minorities; and 358 (80%) indicated a specific religious preference. Ninety-five (23%) participants attended religious services weekly, and 143 (32%) engaged in prayer or meditation at least daily. Three hundred thirty-nine (75%) patients said that their illness had strengthened their faith at least a little, and patients used positive religious coping strategies (e.g., sought God's love and care) more often than negative ones (e.g., wondered whether God has abandoned me; P<.0001). In 8 multivariable models, factors associated with most facets of spirituality/religion included ethnic and racial minority status, greater optimism, less alcohol use, having a religion, greater self-esteem, greater life satisfaction, and lower overall functioning (R2=.16 to .74). Mean levels of spirituality did not change significantly over 12 to 18 months. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with HIV/AIDS belonged to an organized religion and use their religion to cope with their illness. Patients with greater optimism, greater self-esteem, greater life satisfaction, minorities, and patients who drink less alcohol tend to be both more spiritual and religious. Spirituality levels remain stable over 12 to 18 months. |
| Publication | Journal of General Internal Medicine |
| Volume | 21 Suppl 5 |
| Pages | S5-13 |
| Date | Dec 2006 |
| Journal Abbr | J Gen Intern Med |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00642.x |
| ISSN | 1525-1497 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17083501 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 16:57:34 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 17083501 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The objective of this study was (1) to describe changes in religiousness and spirituality of people with HIV/AIDS, and (2) to determine if these changes differed by sex and race. Conclusions: Many participants report having become more spiritual or religious since contracting HIV/AIDS, though many have felt alienated by a religious group-some to the point of changing their place of worship.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Sian Cotton |
| Author | Joel Tsevat |
| Author | Magdalena Szaflarski |
| Author | Ian Kudel |
| Author | Susan N Sherman |
| Author | Judith Feinberg |
| Author | Anthony C Leonard |
| Author | William C Holmes |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Having a serious illness such as HIV/AIDS raises existential issues, which are potentially manifested as changes in religiousness and spirituality. The objective of this study was (1) to describe changes in religiousness and spirituality of people with HIV/AIDS, and (2) to determine if these changes differed by sex and race. METHODS: Three-hundred and forty-seven adults with HIV/AIDS from 4 sites were asked demographic, clinical, and religious/spiritual questions. Six religious/spiritual questions assessed personal and social domains of religiousness and spirituality. RESULTS: Eighty-eight participants (25%) reported being "more religious" and 142 (41%) reported being "more spiritual" since being diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. Approximately 1 in 4 participants also reported that they felt more alienated by a religious group since their HIV/AIDS diagnosis and approximately 1 in 10 reported changing their place of religious worship because of HIV/AIDS. A total of 174 participants (50%) believed that their religiousness/spirituality helped them live longer. Fewer Caucasians than African Americans reported becoming more spiritual since their HIV/AIDS diagnosis (37% vs 52%, respectively; P<.015), more Caucasians than African Americans felt alienated from religious communities (44% vs 21%, respectively; P<.001), and fewer Caucasians than African Americans believed that their religiousness/spirituality helped them live longer (41% vs 68% respectively; P<.001). There were no significantly different reported changes in religious and spiritual experiences by sex. CONCLUSIONS: Many participants report having become more spiritual or religious since contracting HIV/AIDS, though many have felt alienated by a religious group-some to the point of changing their place of worship. Clinicians conducting spiritual assessments should be aware that changes in religious and spiritual experiences attributed to HIV/AIDS might differ between Caucasian and African Americans. |
| Publication | Journal of General Internal Medicine |
| Volume | 21 Suppl 5 |
| Pages | S14-20 |
| Date | Dec 2006 |
| Journal Abbr | J Gen Intern Med |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00641.x |
| ISSN | 1525-1497 |
| Short Title | Changes in religiousness and spirituality attributed to HIV/AIDS |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17083495 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 16:55:54 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 17083495 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The purpose of this study is to characterize spirituality/religion in a large and diverse sample of patients with HIV/AIDS by using several measures of spirituality/religion, to examine associations between spirituality/religion and a number of demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables, and to assess changes in levels of spirituality over 12 to 18 months. Conclusions: Most patients with HIV/AIDS belonged to an organized religion and use their religion to cope with their illness. Patients with greater optimism, greater self-esteem, greater life satisfaction, minorities, and patients who drink less alcohol tend to be both more spiritual and religious. Spirituality levels remain stable over 12 to 18 months.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | J David Creswell |
| Author | Hector F Myers |
| Author | Steven W Cole |
| Author | Michael R Irwin |
| Abstract | Mindfulness meditation training has stress reduction benefits in various patient populations, but its effects on biological markers of HIV-1 progression are unknown. The present study tested the efficacy of an 8-week Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) meditation program compared to a 1-day control seminar on CD4+ T lymphocyte counts in stressed HIV infected adults. A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with enrollment and follow-up occurring between November 2005 and December 2007. A diverse community sample of 48 HIV-1 infected adults was randomized and entered treatment in either an 8-week MBSR or a 1-day control stress reduction education seminar. The primary outcome was circulating counts of CD4+ T lymphocytes. Participants in the 1-day control seminar showed declines in CD4+ T lymphocyte counts whereas counts among participants in the 8-week MBSR program were unchanged from baseline to post-intervention (time x treatment condition interaction, p=.02). This effect was independent of antiretroviral (ARV) medication use. Additional analyses indicated that treatment adherence to the mindfulness meditation program, as measured by class attendance, mediated the effects of mindfulness meditation training on buffering CD4+ T lymphocyte declines. These findings provide an initial indication that mindfulness meditation training can buffer CD4+ T lymphocyte declines in HIV-1 infected adults. Clinical Trials Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier: NCT00600561. |
| Publication | Brain, Behavior, and Immunity |
| Volume | 23 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 184-188 |
| Date | Feb 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Brain Behav. Immun |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.bbi.2008.07.004 |
| ISSN | 1090-2139 |
| Short Title | Mindfulness meditation training effects on CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV-1 infected adults |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18678242 |
| Accessed | Mon Mar 28 18:29:00 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 18678242 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
The present study tested the efficacy of an 8-week Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) meditation program compared to a 1-day control seminar on CD4+ T lymphocyte counts in stressed HIV infected adults. The authors' findings provide an initial indication that mindfulness meditation training can buffer CD4+ T lymphocyte declines in HIV-1 infected adults.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Safiya George Dalmida |
| Author | Marcia McDonnell Holstad |
| Author | Colleen Diiorio |
| Author | Gary Laderman |
| Abstract | Many HIV-positive women regard spirituality as an important part of their lives and spirituality may have positive impact on their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Particularly among African American women with HIV, spirituality may serve as a cultural and psychological resource. This descriptive, crosssectional study examined associations between spiritual well-being (SWB) and its components, existential well-being (EWB) and religious well-being (RWB), and dimensions of HRQOL among a non-random sample of 118 African American HIV-positive women. A secondary analysis of data from two similar, NIH-funded studies: The Get Busy Living (GBL) Project and the KHARMA Project, was conducted. Baseline data on women from both studies were combined into one database and statistical analyses, including descriptive, correlation and hierarchical regression analyses, were conducted. Existential well-being was significantly positively (β =.74; p=.014) associated with the physical composite of HRQOL and accounted for a significant amount of unique variance (10.0%) beyond that explained by socio-demographic variables, religious well-being (RWB), HIV medication adherence, CD4 cell count and percentage, HIV viral load, and depressive symptoms. EWB was also significantly positively (β =.57; p=.024) associated with the mental health composite of HRQOL. Depressive symptomatology was also significantly inversely (β =.40; p=.004) associated with mental HRQOL. EWB accounted for a significant amount of additional variance (6.3%) beyond that explained by other variables. Spirituality is an important factor in the lives and quality of life of African American women and women living with HIV/AIDS. Further research is needed to examine relationships between spirituality and HRQOL among HIV-positive African American women. |
| Publication | Applied Research in Quality of Life |
| Volume | 6 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 139-157 |
| Date | Jun 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | Appl Res Qual Life |
| DOI | 10.1007/s11482-010-9122-6 |
| ISSN | 1871-2576 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21731593 |
| Accessed | Wed Jul 13 18:11:45 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21731593 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:54:25 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:54:25 2011 |
The authors argue in this study that many HIV-positive women regard spirituality as an important part of their lives.This descriptive, crosssectional study examined associations between spiritual well-being (SWB) and its components, existential well-being (EWB) and religious well-being (RWB), and dimensions of HRQOL among a non-random sample of 118 African American HIV-positive women.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Safiya George Dalmida |
| Author | Marcia McDonnell Holstad |
| Author | Colleen Diiorio |
| Author | Gary Laderman |
| Abstract | Spirituality is a resource some HIV-positive women use to cope with HIV, and it also may have positive impact on physical health. This cross-sectional study examined associations of spiritual well-being, with depressive symptoms, and CD4 cell count and percentages among a non-random sample of 129 predominantly African-American HIV-positive women. Significant inverse associations were observed between depressive symptoms and spiritual well-being (r = -.55, p = .0001), and its components, existential well-being (r = -.62, p = .0001) and religious well-being (r = -.36, p = .0001). Significant positive associations were observed between existential well-being and CD4 cell count (r = .19, p < .05) and also between spiritual well-being (r = .24, p < .05), religious well-being (r = .21, p < .05), and existential well-being (r = .22, p < .05) and CD4 cell percentages. In this sample of HIV-positive women, spiritual well-being, existential well-being, and religious well-being accounted for a significant amount of variance in depressive symptoms and CD4 cell percentages, above and beyond that explained by demographic variables, HIV medication adherence, and HIV viral load (log). Depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with CD4 cell counts or percentages. A significant relationship was observed between spiritual/religious practices (prayer/meditation and reading spiritual/religious material) and depressive symptoms. Further research is needed to examine relationships between spirituality and mental and physical health among HIV-positive women. |
| Publication | Women & Health |
| Volume | 49 |
| Issue | 2-3 |
| Pages | 119-143 |
| Date | 2009 Mar-May |
| Journal Abbr | Women Health |
| DOI | 10.1080/03630240902915036 |
| ISSN | 0363-0242 |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 22 18:53:36 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19533506 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
Spirituality is a resource some HIV-positive women use to cope with HIV, and it also may have positive impact on physical health. This cross-sectional study examined associations of spiritual well-being, with depressive symptoms, and CD4 cell count and percentages among a non-random sample of 129 predominantly African-American HIV-positive women. A significant relationship was observed between spiritual/religious practices (prayer/meditation and reading spiritual/religious material) and depressive symptoms. Further research is needed to examine relationships between spirituality and mental and physical health among HIV-positive women.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Safiya George Dalmida |
| Author | Marcia McDonnell Holstad |
| Author | Colleen Diiorio |
| Author | Gary Laderman |
| Abstract | Spirituality is a resource some HIV-positive women use to cope with HIV, and it also may have positive impact on physical health. This cross-sectional study examined associations of spiritual well-being, with depressive symptoms, and CD4 cell count and percentages among a non-random sample of 129 predominantly African-American HIV-positive women. Significant inverse associations were observed between depressive symptoms and spiritual well-being (r = -.55, p = .0001), and its components, existential well-being (r = -.62, p = .0001) and religious well-being (r = -.36, p = .0001). Significant positive associations were observed between existential well-being and CD4 cell count (r = .19, p < .05) and also between spiritual well-being (r = .24, p < .05), religious well-being (r = .21, p < .05), and existential well-being (r = .22, p < .05) and CD4 cell percentages. In this sample of HIV-positive women, spiritual well-being, existential well-being, and religious well-being accounted for a significant amount of variance in depressive symptoms and CD4 cell percentages, above and beyond that explained by demographic variables, HIV medication adherence, and HIV viral load (log). Depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with CD4 cell counts or percentages. A significant relationship was observed between spiritual/religious practices (prayer/meditation and reading spiritual/religious material) and depressive symptoms. Further research is needed to examine relationships between spirituality and mental and physical health among HIV-positive women. |
| Publication | Women & Health |
| Volume | 49 |
| Issue | 2-3 |
| Pages | 119-143 |
| Date | 2009 Mar-May |
| Journal Abbr | Women Health |
| DOI | 10.1080/03630240902915036 |
| ISSN | 0363-0242 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/pubmed/19533506 |
| Accessed | Mon Sep 14 23:46:22 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19533506 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
This cross-sectional study examined associations of spiritual well-being, with depressive symptoms, and CD4 cell count and percentages among a non-random sample of 129 predominantly African-American HIV-positive women. A significant relationship was observed between spiritual/religious practices (prayer/meditation and reading spiritual/religious material) and depressive symptoms.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Nadia Dowshen |
| Author | Christine M. Forke |
| Author | Amy K. Johnson |
| Author | Lisa M. Kuhns |
| Author | David Rubin |
| Author | Robert Garofalo |
| Abstract | <p>Purpose<br/>Young transgender women (YTW) face many challenges to their well-being, including homelessness, joblessness, victimization, and alarming rates of HIV infection. Little has been written about factors that might help in preventing HIV in this population. Our objective was to examine the role of religion in the lives of YTW and its relationship to HIV risk.Methods<br/>This study is derived from baseline data collected for an HIV prevention intervention. A convenience sample of YTW aged 16-25 years from Chicago were recruited consecutively and completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between sexual risk taking (sex work, multiple anal sex partners, unprotected receptive anal sex), alcohol use, formal religious practices (service attendance, reading/studying scripture), and God consciousness (prayer, thoughts about God).Results<br/>A total of 92 YTW participated in the study, their mean age being 20.4 years; 58% were African American, 21% white, and 22% other. On multivariate logistic regression, alcohol use was significantly associated with sexual risk in both models, with adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 5.28 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.96-14.26) in the Formal Practices model and 3.70 (95% CI: 1.53-8.95) in the God Consciousness model. Controlling for alcohol use, it was found that Formal Practices was significantly associated with sexual risk (OR = .29, 95% CI: .11-.77), but God Consciousness was not (OR = .60, 95% CI: .25-1.47).Conclusion<br/>Among YTW, formal religious practices may attenuate sexual risk-taking behaviors and therefore HIV risk. Further research is needed to explore the role of the religion in the lives of YTW as a protective asset.</p> |
| Publication | Journal of Adolescent Health |
| Volume | 48 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 410-414 |
| Date | April 2011 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.07.021 |
| ISSN | 1054-139X |
| URL | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T80-513F031-4/2/0c0998076862c39f5e1e30d105e3b991 |
| Accessed | Mon May 9 19:20:33 2011 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:55:31 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:55:31 2011 |
The authors' objective was to examine the role of religion in the lives of young transgender women (YTW) and its relationship to HIV risk. Results showed that among YTW, formal religious practices may attenuate sexual risk-taking behaviors and therefore HIV risk. Further research is needed to explore the role of the religion in the lives of YTW as a protective asset.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | S Finocchario-Kessler |
| Author | D Catley |
| Author | J Berkley-Patton |
| Author | M Gerkovich |
| Author | K Williams |
| Author | J Banderas |
| Author | K Goggin |
| Abstract | The role of patient autonomy and influence of religious/spiritual beliefs on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence is to date not fully understood. This study assessed baseline predictors of high ART adherence (≥90%) measured by electronic drug monitors (EDM) at 12 and 24 weeks after enrollment in a randomized controlled trial testing behavioral interventions to improve ART adherence. Baseline data were collected with audio computer-assisted self interviews (ACASI) surveys among a diverse urban sample of HIV-infected participants (n = 204) recruited from community clinics in a large midwestern city. Baseline variables included a range of established ART adherence predictors as well as several less frequently studied variables related to patient autonomy and religious/spiritual beliefs. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) variables identified in univariate analyses were included in subsequent multivariate analyses predicting higher than 90% adherence at 12 and 24 weeks. Several baseline predictors retained statistical significance in multivariate analysis at 24 weeks. Baseline levels of autonomous support from friends and family, motivation to adhere, and having an active coping style were all positively associated with adherence, while the belief that God is in control of one's health was negatively associated with adherence. Results indicate that effective interventions should include a focus on promoting patients' autonomous regulation and religious/spiritual beliefs regarding ART adherence. |
| Publication | AIDS Patient Care and STDs |
| Volume | 25 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 103-111 |
| Date | Feb 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | AIDS Patient Care STDS |
| DOI | 10.1089/apc.2010.0319 |
| ISSN | 1557-7449 |
| Short Title | Baseline predictors of ninety percent or higher antiretroviral therapy adherence in a diverse urban sample |
| Accessed | Tue Mar 15 14:21:34 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21235403 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:56:57 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:56:57 2011 |
This study assessed baseline predictors of high antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence (≥90%) measured by electronic drug monitors (EDM) at 12 and 24 weeks after enrollment in a randomized controlled trial testing behavioral interventions to improve ART adherence. The object was to better understand the role of influence of religious/spiritual beliefs on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Results indicate that effective interventions should include a focus on promoting patients' autonomous regulation and religious/spiritual beliefs regarding ART adherence.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Shelley A Francis |
| Author | Joan Liverpool |
| Abstract | HIV disproportionately affects people of color, suggesting a need for innovative prevention programs and collaborations as part of prevention efforts. African Americans have close ties to the church and faith-based organizations. African American faith communities were slow to address HIV prevention, but in recent years, they have become more involved in such activities. This study reviews the empirical literature on faith-based HIV prevention programs among African American populations. Several successful faith-based/public health collaborations are identified, and the limitations and strengths of faith-based prevention programs are discussed. Recommendations are provided for developing effective faith-based/public health collaborations. |
| Publication | Journal of Religion and Health |
| Volume | 48 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 6-15 |
| Date | Mar 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | J Relig Health |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10943-008-9171-4 |
| ISSN | 1573-6571 |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 22 19:48:02 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19229620 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
<div class="abstractText"> <div class="Abstract" lang="en"><a name="Abs1"></a> This study reviews the empirical literature on faith-based HIV prevention programs among African American populations. Several successful faith-based/public health collaborations are identified, and the limitations and strengths of faith-based prevention programs are discussed. Recommendations are provided for developing effective faith-based/public health collaborations.</div> </div>
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | M Fritts |
| Author | C C Crawford |
| Author | D Quibell |
| Author | A Gupta |
| Author | W B Jonas |
| Author | I Coulter |
| Author | S A Andrade |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Allopathic practitioners in India are outnumbered by practitioners of traditional Indian medicine and homeopathy (TIMH), which is used by up to two-thirds of its population to help meet primary health care needs, particularly in rural areas. India has an estimated 2.5 million HIV infected persons. However, little is known about TIMH use, safety or efficacy in HIV/AIDS management in India, which has one of the largest indigenous medical systems in the world. The purpose of this review was to assess the quality of peer-reviewed, published literature on TIMH for HIV/AIDS care and treatment. RESULTS: Of 206 original articles reviewed, 21 laboratory studies, 17 clinical studies, and 6 previous reviews of the literature were identified that covered at least one system of TIMH, which includes Ayurveda, Unani medicine, Siddha medicine, homeopathy, yoga and naturopathy. Most studies examined either Ayurvedic or homeopathic treatments. Only 4 of these studies were randomized controlled trials, and only 10 were published in MEDLINE-indexed journals. Overall, the studies reported positive effects and even "cure" and reversal of HIV infection, but frequent methodological flaws call into question their internal and external validity. Common reasons for poor quality included small sample sizes, high drop-out rates, design flaws such as selection of inappropriate or weak outcome measures, flaws in statistical analysis, and reporting flaws such as lack of details on products and their standardization, poor or no description of randomization, and incomplete reporting of study results. CONCLUSION: This review exposes a broad gap between the widespread use of TIMH therapies for HIV/AIDS, and the dearth of high-quality data supporting their effectiveness and safety. In light of the suboptimal effectiveness of vaccines, barrier methods and behavior change strategies for prevention of HIV infection and the cost and side effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for its treatment, it is both important and urgent to develop and implement a rigorous research agenda to investigate the potential risks and benefits of TIMH and to identify its role in the management of HIV/AIDS and associated illnesses in India. |
| Publication | AIDS Research and Therapy |
| Volume | 5 |
| Pages | 25 |
| Date | 2008 |
| Journal Abbr | AIDS Res Ther |
| DOI | 10.1186/1742-6405-5-25 |
| ISSN | 1742-6405 |
| Short Title | Traditional Indian medicine and homeopathy for HIV/AIDS |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/pubmed/19102742 |
| Accessed | Mon Nov 9 00:56:07 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19102742 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The purpose of this review was to assess the quality of peer-reviewed, published literature on traditional Indian medicine and homeopathy for HIV/AIDS care and treatment. Conclusion: This review exposes a broad gap between the widespread use of TIMH therapies for HIV/AIDS, and the dearth of high-quality data supporting their effectiveness and safety.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Mary Lou Galantino |
| Author | Kay Shepard |
| Author | Larry Krafft |
| Author | Arthur Laperriere |
| Author | Joseph Ducette |
| Author | Alfred Sorbello |
| Author | Michael Barnish |
| Author | David Condoluci |
| Author | John T Farrar |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the usefulness of two interventions in a group rehabilitation medicine setting to determine strategies and exercise guidelines for long-term care of the HIV/AIDS population with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN: This was a randomized clinical trial investigating the effects of tai chi (TC) and aerobic exercise (EX) on functional outcomes and quality of life (QOL) in patients with AIDS. SETTING: Two outpatient infectious disease clinics in a mid-atlantic state were the setting. SUBJECTS AND INTERVENTION: Thirty-eight (38) subjects with advanced HIV (AIDS) were randomized to one of three groups: TC, EX, or control. Experimental groups exercised twice weekly for 8 weeks. OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes included QOL as measured by the Medical Outcomes Short Form (MOS-HIV) and Spirituality Well-Being Scale (SWB). Functional measures included the functional reach (FR) for balance, sit and reach (SR) for flexibility, and sit-up (SU) test for endurance. The physical performance test (PPT) was used to determine overall function, and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) was used to evaluate psychologic changes. To consider the patients' explanations for these measurements, qualitative data were collected from subjects' journals, focus groups, and nonparticipant observation. RESULTS: Thirty-eight (38) subjects were included in data analysis: 13 in the TC group, 13 in the EX group, and 12 in the control group. Results of analysis of covariance showed significant changes in the exercise groups in overall functional measures (p < 0.001). The MOS-HIV showed a significant difference on the subscale of overall health (p = 0.04). The POMS showed significant main effect for time in confusion-bewilderment (p = 0.000) and tension-anxiety (p = 0.005). Three dominant themes emerged from the qualitative data, including: positive physical changes, enhanced psychologic coping, and improved social interactions. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that TC and EX improve physiologic parameters, functional outcomes, and QOL. Group intervention provides a socialization context for management of chronic HIV disease. This study supports the need for more research investigating the effect of other types of group exercise for this population. This study sets the stage for a larger randomized controlled trial to examine the potential short- and long-term effects of group exercise that may prove beneficial in the management of advanced HIV disease. Further research is warranted to evaluate additional exercise interventions that are accessible, safe, and cost-effective for the HIV population. |
| Publication | Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.) |
| Volume | 11 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 1085-1092 |
| Date | Dec 2005 |
| Journal Abbr | J Altern Complement Med |
| DOI | 10.1089/acm.2005.11.1085 |
| ISSN | 1075-5535 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16398601 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 15:33:32 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 16398601 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
This study aimed to assess the usefulness of two interventions in a group rehabilitation medicine setting to determine strategies and exercise guidelines for long-term care of the HIV/AIDS population with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | R F Gillum |
| Author | Cheryl L Holt |
| Abstract | <AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a leading cause of death.</AbstractText> <AbstractText Label="PURPOSE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">We tested the hypothesis that religious variables would be inversely associated with prevalence of HIV/AIDS risk factors.</AbstractText> <AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A 2002 national survey included 9,837 individuals aged 15-44 years with complete data on religious involvement, sexual, and drug use behaviors.</AbstractText> <AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Women who never attended services had over two times greater odds of reporting HIV risk factors than those attending weekly or more after adjusting for age and race/ethnicity (p < 0.0001) and over 60% greater after adjusting for multiple confounders, but no significant association was seen in men. Mainline Protestants had lower odds of reporting risk factors than those with no affiliation. No significant independent associations were found with importance of religion.</AbstractText> <AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Women with public religious involvement had lower prevalence of any HIV risk factors while only affiliation was so associated in men.</AbstractText> |
| Publication | Annals of Behavioral Medicine: A Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 284-293 |
| Date | Dec 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Ann Behav Med |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12160-010-9218-0 |
| ISSN | 1532-4796 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/pubmed/20697858 |
| Accessed | Tue Jan 18 18:51:42 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20697858 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:58:27 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:58:27 2011 |
Authors of this study tested the hypothesis that religious variables would be inversely associated with prevalence of HIV/AIDS risk factors. Using a 2002 national survey including 9,837 individuals aged 15-44 years, the results showed that women with public religious involvement had lower prevalence of any HIV risk factors while only affiliation was so associated in men.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Sarit A. Golub |
| Author | Ja'Nina J. Walker |
| Author | Buffie Longmire-Avital |
| Author | David S. Bimbi |
| Author | Jeffrey T. Parsons |
| Abstract | Transgender women completed questionnaires of religiosity, social support, stigma, stress-related growth, and sexual risk behavior. In a multivariate model, both social support and religious stress-related growth were significant negative predictors of unprotected anal sex, but religious behaviors and beliefs emerged as a significant positive predictor. The interaction between religious behaviors and beliefs and social support was also significant, and post-hoc analyses indicated that high-risk sex was least likely among individuals with high-levels of social support but low levels of religious behaviors and beliefs. These data have important implications for understanding factors that might protect against HIV risk for transgender women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract) |
| Publication | Journal of Health Psychology |
| Volume | 15 |
| Issue | 8 |
| Pages | 1135-1144 |
| Date | November 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1177/1359105310364169 |
| ISSN | 1359-1053 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:59:00 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:59:00 2011 |
Transgender women completed questionnaires of religiosity, social support, stigma, stress-related growth, and sexual risk behavior. In a multivariate model, both social support and religious stress-related growth were significant negative predictors of unprotected anal sex, but religious behaviors and beliefs emerged as a significant positive predictor. The interaction between religious behaviors and beliefs and social support was also significant, and post-hoc analyses indicated that high-risk sex was least likely among individuals with high-levels of social support but low levels of religious behaviors and beliefs. These data have important implications for understanding factors that might protect against HIV risk for transgender women.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Stephen Obeng Gyimah |
| Author | Eric Y. Tenkorang |
| Author | Baffour K. Takyi |
| Author | Jones Adjei |
| Author | Gabriel Fosu |
| Abstract | Although a growing body of research has linked religious involvement with HIV/AIDS protective behaviour in Africa, the focus has mainly been on women. Given the patriarchal nature of African culture, this paper argues for the inclusion of men, a critical group whose sexual behaviours have increasingly been linked to the spread and sustenance of the virus in the region. Drawing on different theoretical discourses and using data from the 2003 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, this paper examines how religious affiliation influences men's risky sexual behaviours. While the results from the bivariate analysis suggested that Muslims and Traditionalists were significantly less likely to engage in risky sexual behaviour compared with Christians, those differences disappeared once socioeconomic variables were controlled, rendering support for the selectivity thesis. This finding could benefit programmatic and policy formulation regarding AIDS prevention in Ghana. |
| Publication | Journal of Biosocial Science |
| Volume | 42 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | 531-547 |
| Date | Jul 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | J Biosoc Sci |
| DOI | 10.1017/S0021932010000027 |
| ISSN | 1469-7599 |
| Accessed | Tue Jul 27 12:20:24 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20211045 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:03:23 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:03:23 2011 |
Given the patriarchal nature of African culture, this paper argues for the inclusion of men, a critical group whose sexual behaviours have increasingly been linked to the spread and sustenance of the virus in the region. Drawing on different theoretical discourses and using data from the 2003 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, this paper examines how religious affiliation influences men's risky sexual behaviours. While the results from the bivariate analysis suggested that Muslims and Traditionalists were significantly less likely to engage in risky sexual behaviour compared with Christians, those differences disappeared once socioeconomic variables were controlled, rendering support for the selectivity thesis. This finding could benefit programmatic and policy formulation regarding AIDS prevention in Ghana.
| Type | Book |
|---|---|
| Author | Angelique Harris |
| Series | Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Studies in Religion, Culture, and Social Development |
| Place | New York |
| Publisher | P. Lang |
| Date | 2010 |
| ISBN | 9781433109430 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:02 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:02 2011 |
In AIDS, Sexuality, and the Black Church, Angelique Harris examines the formation of the Black Church AIDS movement and the organizational development of The Balm in Gilead. This research begins from the perspective that the Black Church is working to address AIDS, and details how this work is being done. Harris couches her findings within social movement theory, the sociology of health and illness, social marketing, and the social construction of knowledge. This text provides a unique lens through which to examine AIDS discourse within the Black community. AIDS, Sexuality, and the Black Church is essential reading for AIDS scholars, researchers, and community activists alike.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | David R Hodge |
| Author | Jini L Roby |
| Abstract | From a global perspective, the typical person living with HIV/AIDS is likely a sub-Saharan African woman. Yet despite calls from NASW to adopt a global outlook on the HIV/AIDS crisis, little research has examined how such women cope. In this study, the authors used a mixed-methods approach to explore how one sample of sub-Saharan African women (N = 162) attending an AIDS clinic in Entebbe, Uganda, cope with their circumstances. The results reveal the importance of indigenous service providers, spirituality, and, to a lesser extent, social support. Approximately 85 percent of the women reported that spirituality played some role in their ability to cope. Among these, 43 percent indicated that spirituality was the most important factor that kept them going. The most widely used spiritual coping strategies consisted of support from other believers, prayer, and trusting in God. |
| Publication | Social Work |
| Volume | 55 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 27-37 |
| Date | Jan 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Soc Work |
| ISSN | 0037-8046 |
| Short Title | Sub-Saharan African women living with HIV/AIDS |
| Accessed | Sun Jan 24 17:23:11 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20069938 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:02 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:02 2011 |
In this study, authors add needed research to how one sample of sub-Saharan African women attending an AIDS clinic in Entebbe, Uganda cope with their circumstances. The results reveal the importance
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Gail Ironson |
| Author | George F Solomon |
| Author | Elizabeth G Balbin |
| Author | Conall O'Cleirigh |
| Author | Annie George |
| Author | Mahendra Kumar |
| Author | David Larson |
| Author | Teresa E Woods |
| Abstract | The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of an instrument that measures both spirituality and religiousness, to examine the relation between spirituality and religiousness and important health outcomes for people living with HIV and to examine the potential mediators of these relations. One aim was to determine whether subscales of spirituality, religiousness, or both would be independently related to long survival in people living with AIDS. The Ironson-Woods Spirituality/Religiousness (SR) Index is presented with evidence for its reliability and validity. Four factors were identified on the Ironson-Woods SR Index (Sense of Peace, Faith in God, Religious Behavior, and Compassionate View of Others). Each subscale was significantly related to long survival with AIDS. That is, the long-term survivor (LTS) group (n = 79) scored significantly higher on these factors than did the HIV-positive comparison (COMP) group (n = 200). Long survival was also significantly related to both frequency of prayer (positively) and judgmental attitude (negatively). In addition, the Ironson-Woods SR Index yielded strong and significant correlations with less distress, more hope, social support, health behaviors, helping others, and lower cortisol levels. The relation between religious behavior and health outcomes was not due to social support. Further analyses were conducted, which identified urinary cortisol concentrations and altruistic behavior as mediators of the relation between SR and long survival. |
| Publication | Annals of Behavioral Medicine: A Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine |
| Volume | 24 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 34-48 |
| Date | 2002 |
| Journal Abbr | Ann Behav Med |
| ISSN | 0883-6612 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12008793 |
| Accessed | Thu Nov 12 21:30:15 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 12008793 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of an instrument that measures both spirituality and religiousness, to examine the relation between spirituality and religiousness and important health outcomes for people living with HIV and to examine the potential mediators of these relations. Each subscale was significantly related to long survival with AIDS. In addition, the Ironson-Woods SR Index yielded strong and significant correlations with less distress, more hope, social support, health behaviors, helping others, and lower cortisol levels.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Gail Ironson |
| Author | Rick Stuetzle |
| Author | Mary Ann Fletcher |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Most studies on religion/spirituality predicting health outcomes have been limited to church attendance as a predictor and have focused on healthy people. However, confronting a major medical crisis may be a time when people turn to the sacred. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which changes in spirituality/religiousness occur after HIV diagnosis and whether changes predict disease progression. DESIGN/PARTICIPANTS: This longitudinal study examined the relationship between changes in spirituality/religiousness from before with after the diagnosis of HIV, and disease progression (CD4 and viral load [VL] every 6 months) over 4 years in 100 people with HIV. Measures included change in religiousness/spirituality after diagnosis of HIV, religiousness/spirituality at various times in one's life, church attendance, depression, hopelessness, optimism, coping (avoidant, proactive), social support, CD4/VL, and health behaviors. RESULTS: Forty-five percent of the sample showed an increase in religiousness/spirituality after the diagnosis of HIV, 42% remained the same, and 13% decreased. People reporting an increase in spirituality/religiousness after the diagnosis had significantly greater preservation of CD4 cells over the 4-year period, as well as significantly better control of VL. Results were independent of (i.e., held even after controlling for) church attendance and initial disease status (CD4/VL), medication at every time point, age, gender, race, education, health behaviors (adherence, risky sex, alcohol, cocaine), depression, hopelessness, optimism, coping (avoidant, proactive), and social support. CONCLUSIONS: There is an increase in spirituality/religiousness after HIV diagnosis, and this increase predicts slower disease progression; medical personnel should be aware of its potential importance. |
| Publication | Journal of General Internal Medicine |
| Volume | 21 Suppl 5 |
| Pages | S62-68 |
| Date | Dec 2006 |
| Journal Abbr | J Gen Intern Med |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00648.x |
| ISSN | 1525-1497 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17083503 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 16:57:50 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 17083503 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which changes in spirituality/religiousness occur after HIV diagnosis and whether changes predict disease progression. Conclusions: There is an increase in spirituality/religiousness after HIV diagnosis, and this increase predicts slower disease progression.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | L C Kaldjian |
| Author | J F Jekel |
| Author | G Friedland |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: To describe the role of spiritual beliefs in HIV-positive patients' end-of-life decisions. DESIGN: Inperson, cross-sectional survey. SETTING: An HIV/AIDS floor of an urban, university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Ninety hospitalized HIV-positive patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prior discussions about advance directives, possession of a living will (written advance directive), fear of death, professions of hope and purpose in life, religious beliefs and practices, guilt about HIV infection, and perception of HIV as punishment. RESULTS: Of 104 eligible patients, 90 agreed to be interviewed. Twenty-four per cent of patients had discussed their resuscitation status with a physician and 17% possessed a living will; 44% of patients felt guilty about their HIV infection, 32% expressed fear of death, and 26% felt their disease was some form of punishment. Prior discussions about resuscitation status were less likely in those who perceived HIV as punishment (P=0.009) and more likely in those who believed in God's forgiveness (P=0.043). A living will was more common in those who prayed daily (P=0.025) and in those whose belief in God helped them when thinking about death (P=0.065). Fear of death was more likely in those who perceived HIV as punishment (P=0.01) or felt guilty about having HIV (P=0.039), and less likely in those who read the Bible frequently (P=0.01) or attended church regularly (P=0.015). Outcome measures did not vary significantly according sex, race, HIV risk factors, or education level. CONCLUSIONS: In this HIV-positive population, spiritual beliefs and religious practices appeared to play a role in end-of-life decisions. Discussions about end-of-life decisions may be facilitated by a patient's belief in a forgiving God and impeded by a patient's interpretation of HIV infection as punishment. Health-care providers need to recognize patients' spiritual beliefs and incorporate them into discussions about terminal care. |
| Publication | AIDS (London, England) |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 103-107 |
| Date | Jan 1, 1998 |
| Journal Abbr | AIDS |
| ISSN | 0269-9370 |
| Short Title | End-of-life decisions in HIV-positive patients |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9456260 |
| Accessed | Thu Nov 12 17:37:10 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 9456260 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Objective: To describe the role of spiritual beliefs in HIV-positive patients’ end-of-life decisions. Conclusions: In this HIV-positive population, spiritual beliefs and religious practices appeared to play a role in end-of-life decisions. Discussions about end-of-life decisions may be facilitated by a patient’s belief in a forgiving God and impeded by a patient’s interpretation of HIV infection as punishment.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Heidemarie Kremer |
| Author | Gail Ironson |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVES: Spiritual Transformation (ST) is accompanied by dramatic changes in spiritual beliefs along with major changes in behaviors, self-view, and attitudes. This study examined types of ST, as well as its antecedents and consequences in people with HIV. METHOD: Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze interviews about ST in people's lives in two samples: people with chronic HIV-disease (chronic disease sample, n = 74) and people with HIV who identified themselves as spiritual (spiritual sample, n = 73). RESULTS: ST occurred in 39% of the chronic disease and 75% of the spiritual sample. These STs were generally positive (95%) and enduring (M = 8.71 +/- 7.43 years). ST was most frequently associated with spiritual experience (in particular near-death experience), substance-use recovery, and HIV/AIDS-diagnosis. Main antecedents were substance-use disorder, education/upbringing, and desire to change. Further themes were depression/helplessness, confrontation with illness/death, social support, and lifestyle. The top six consequences include spiritual intensification, more spiritual practices, positive feelings toward self, recovery from substance-use, finding new meaning and purpose in life, and increased self-knowledge. In the spiritual sample, there was a common pattern of hitting rock bottom with drugs, having a spiritual experience (in particular a near-death experience), and joining a drug program. CONCLUSIONS: Positive ST occurs in a sizable proportion of people with HIV. Importantly, ST often results in an enduring substance-use recovery, and an improved quality of life as indicated by enhanced gratitude, appreciation, joy, sense of peace, and reduced fear of death. |
| Publication | International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine |
| Volume | 39 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 243-262 |
| Date | 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Int J Psychiatry Med |
| ISSN | 0091-2174 |
| Short Title | Everything changed |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 22 18:34:03 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19967898 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | H Kremer |
| Author | G Ironson |
| Author | L Kaplan |
| Abstract | We interviewed 147 HIV-positive people regarding their key life-changing experiences - involving profound changes in attitudes, behaviors, beliefs (including spiritual beliefs), or self-views - to determine the prominence of HIV as the key positive/negative turning point. HIV was the key turning point, for 37% (26% positive, 11% negative), whereas for 63% of our sample it was not. Characteristics associated with perceiving HIV as the most positive turning point included having a near-death experience from HIV, increasing spirituality after HIV diagnosis, and feeling chosen by a Higher Powerto have HIV. Notably, perceived antecedents of viewing HIV as the key positive turning point were hitting rock bottom and calling on a Higher Power. Conversely, viewing HIV as the most negative turning point was associated with declining spirituality after diagnosis. Spirituality can both negatively and positively affect coping with HIV. Promoting positive spiritual coping may offer new counseling approaches. Further, for the majority of the participants, HIV is not the key turning point, which may be an indicator of the normalization of HIV with the advent of effective treatment. |
| Publication | AIDS Care |
| Volume | 21 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 368-377 |
| Date | Mar 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | AIDS Care |
| DOI | 10.1080/09540120802183479 |
| ISSN | 1360-0451 |
| Short Title | The fork in the road |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 22 19:38:32 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19280412 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
This study is based on interviews of 147 HIV-positive people regarding their key life-changing experiences – involving profound changes in attitudes, behaviors, beliefs (including spiritual beliefs), or self-views – to determine the prominence of HIV as the key positive/negative turning point. HIV was the key turning point, for 37% (26% positive, 11% negative), whereas for 63% of our sample it was not. Characteristics associated with perceiving HIV as the most positive turning point included having a near-death experience from HIV, increasing spirituality after HIV diagnosis, and feeling chosen by a Higher Power to have HIV. Notably, perceived antecedents of viewing HIV as the key positive turning point were hitting rock bottom and calling on a Higher Power. Conversely, viewing HIV as the most negative turning point was associated with declining spirituality after diagnosis. Spirituality can both negatively and positively affect coping with HIV. Promoting positive spiritual coping may offer new counseling approaches. Further, for the majority of the participants, HIV is not the key turning point, which may be an indicator of the normalization of HIV with the advent of effective treatment.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | H Kremer |
| Author | G Ironson |
| Author | L Kaplan |
| Abstract | We interviewed 147 HIV-positive people regarding their key life-changing experiences - involving profound changes in attitudes, behaviors, beliefs (including spiritual beliefs), or self-views - to determine the prominence of HIV as the key positive/negative turning point. HIV was the key turning point, for 37% (26% positive, 11% negative), whereas for 63% of our sample it was not. Characteristics associated with perceiving HIV as the most positive turning point included having a near-death experience from HIV, increasing spirituality after HIV diagnosis, and feeling chosen by a Higher Powerto have HIV. Notably, perceived antecedents of viewing HIV as the key positive turning point were hitting rock bottom and calling on a Higher Power. Conversely, viewing HIV as the most negative turning point was associated with declining spirituality after diagnosis. Spirituality can both negatively and positively affect coping with HIV. Promoting positive spiritual coping may offer new counseling approaches. Further, for the majority of the participants, HIV is not the key turning point, which may be an indicator of the normalization of HIV with the advent of effective treatment. |
| Publication | AIDS Care |
| Volume | 21 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 368-377 |
| Date | Mar 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | AIDS Care |
| DOI | 10.1080/09540120802183479 |
| ISSN | 1360-0451 |
| Short Title | The fork in the road |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19280412 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 19:55:47 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19280412 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
We interviewed 147 HIV-positive people regarding their key life-changing experiences - involving profound changes in attitudes, behaviors, beliefs (including spiritual beliefs), or self-views - to determine the prominence of HIV as the key positive/negative turning point.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Heidemarie Kremer |
| Author | Gail Ironson |
| Author | Martina Porr |
| Abstract | We examined spiritual/mind–body beliefs related to treatment decision-making and adherence in 79 HIV-positive people (35% female, 41% African American, 22% Latino, 24% White) who had been offered antiretroviral treatment by their physicians. Interviews (performed in 2003) identified spiritual/mind–body beliefs; the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) questionnaire assessed adherence and symptoms/side effects. Decision-making was influenced by health-related spiritual beliefs (e.g., calling on God/Higher Power for help/protection, God/Higher Power controls health) and mind–body beliefs (e.g., mind controls body, body tells when medication is needed). Participants believing God/Higher Power controls health were 4.75 times more likely to refuse, and participants with mind–body beliefs related to decision-making were 5.31 times more likely to defer antiretrovirals than those without those beliefs. Participants believing spirituality helps coping with side effects reported significantly better adherence and fewer symptoms/side effects. Fewer symptoms/side effects were significantly associated with the beliefs mind controls body, calling on God/Higher Power for help/protection, and spirituality helps adherence. Spiritual/mind–body beliefs as barriers or motivators to taking or adhering to treatment are important, since they may affect survival and quality of life of HIV-positive people. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract) |
| Publication | AIDS Patient Care and STDs |
| Volume | 23 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 119-126 |
| Date | February 2009 |
| DOI | 10.1089/apc.2008.0131 |
| ISSN | 1087-2914 |
| Short Title | Spiritual and mind–body beliefs as barriers and motivators to HIV-treatment decision-making and medication adherence? |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
This study examined spiritual/mind–body beliefs related to treatment decision-making and adherence in 79 HIV-positive people (35% female, 41% African American, 22% Latino, 24% White) who had been offered antiretroviral treatment by their physicians. Interviews (performed in 2003) identified spiritual/mind–body beliefs; the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) questionnaire assessed adherence and symptoms/side effects. Decision-making was influenced by health-related spiritual beliefs (e.g., calling on God/Higher Power for help/protection, God/Higher Power controls health) and mind–body beliefs. Participants believing God/Higher Power controls health were 4.75 times more likely to refuse, and participants with mind–body beliefs related to decision-making were 5.31 times more likely to defer antiretrovirals than those without those beliefs. Participants believing spirituality helps coping with side effects reported significantly better adherence and fewer symptoms/side effects. Fewer symptoms/side effects were significantly associated with the beliefs mind controls body, calling on God/Higher Power for help/protection, and spirituality helps adherence. Spiritual/mind–body beliefs as barriers or motivators to taking or adhering to treatment are important, since they may affect survival and quality of life of HIV-positive people.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Ian Kudel |
| Author | Sian Cotton |
| Author | Magda Szaflarski |
| Author | William C. Holmes |
| Author | Joel Tsevat |
| Abstract | Background: A causal model developed by Koenig suggests that higher levels of spirituality and religiosity effect intermediary variables and eventually result in better mental health, which then positively affects physical function. Purpose/Methods: Using structural equation modeling, we tested the model and expanded versions that use self-report data of patients with HIV (n = 345). Results: All models demonstrated good overall fit with significant parameters. The final model found that increased spirituality/religiosity predicted increased religious coping, which influenced social support. Social support, in turn, positively influenced depressed mood (as a measure of mental health); depressed mood affected fatigue; and both variables predicted self-reported physical function. These three variables predicted health rating/utility for one’s health state. Additional analyses found that two covariates, religiosity and race, differentially predicted spirituality/religiosity and religious coping. Conclusion: In patients with HIV, an expanded version of Koenig's model found that increased spirituality/religiosity is positively associated with self-reported outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract) |
| Publication | Annals of Behavioral Medicine |
| Volume | 41 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 92-103 |
| Date | February 2011 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12160-010-9229-x |
| ISSN | 0883-6612 |
| Short Title | Spirituality and religiosity in patients with HIV |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:56:57 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:56:57 2011 |
Using structural equation modeling, this study tested the model and expanded versions that use self-report data of patients with HIV.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Corinna E Löckenhoff |
| Author | Gail H Ironson |
| Author | Conall O'Cleirigh |
| Author | Paul T Costa |
| Abstract | We examined the association between five-factor personality domains and facets and spirituality/religiousness as well as their joint association with mental health in a diverse sample of people living with HIV (n=112, age range 18-66). Spirituality/religiousness showed stronger associations with Conscientiousness, Openness, and Agreeableness than with Neuroticism and Extraversion. Both personality traits and spirituality/religiousness were significantly linked to mental health, even after controlling for individual differences in demographic measures and disease status. Personality traits explained unique variance in mental health above spirituality and religiousness. Further, aspects of spirituality and religiousness were found to mediate some of the links between personality and mental health in this patient sample. These findings suggest that underlying personality traits contribute to the beneficial effects of spirituality/religiousness among vulnerable populations. |
| Publication | Journal of Personality |
| Volume | 77 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 1411-1436 |
| Date | Oct 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | J Pers |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00587.x |
| ISSN | 1467-6494 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/pubmed/19686457 |
| Accessed | Fri Sep 18 18:31:28 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19686457 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Corinna E Löckenhoff |
| Author | Gail H Ironson |
| Author | Conall O'Cleirigh |
| Author | Paul T Costa |
| Abstract | We examined the association between five-factor personality domains and facets and spirituality/religiousness as well as their joint association with mental health in a diverse sample of people living with HIV (n=112, age range 18-66). Spirituality/religiousness showed stronger associations with Conscientiousness, Openness, and Agreeableness than with Neuroticism and Extraversion. Both personality traits and spirituality/religiousness were significantly linked to mental health, even after controlling for individual differences in demographic measures and disease status. Personality traits explained unique variance in mental health above spirituality and religiousness. Further, aspects of spirituality and religiousness were found to mediate some of the links between personality and mental health in this patient sample. These findings suggest that underlying personality traits contribute to the beneficial effects of spirituality/religiousness among vulnerable populations. |
| Publication | Journal of Personality |
| Volume | 77 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 1411-1436 |
| Date | Oct 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | J Pers |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00587.x |
| ISSN | 1467-6494 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19686457 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 20:11:39 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19686457 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
We examined the association between five-factor personality domains and facets and spirituality/religiousness as well as their joint association with mental health in a diverse sample of people living with HIV (n=112, age range 18-66). Spirituality/religiousness showed stronger associations with Conscientiousness, Openness, and Agreeableness than with Neuroticism and Extraversion.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Corinna E. Löckenhoff |
| Author | Gail H. Ironson |
| Author | Conall O'Cleirigh |
| Author | Paul T. Costa |
| Abstract | Researchers examined the association between five-factor personality domains and facets and spirituality/religiousness as well as their joint association with mental health among people with HIV. Spirituality/religiousness showed associations with Conscientiousness, Openness, and Agreeableness. Personality traits and spirituality/religiousness were significantly linked to mental health. |
| Publication | Journal of Personality |
| Volume | 77 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 1411-1436 |
| Date | 10/2009 |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00587.x |
| ISSN | 00223506 |
| URL | http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00587.x |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:38 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:38 2011 |
This study examined the association between five-factor personality domains and facets and spirituality/religiousness as well as their joint association with mental health in a diverse sample of people living with HIV (n=112, age range 18–66). Spirituality/religiousness showed stronger associations with Conscientiousness, Openness, and Agreeableness than with Neuroticism and Extraversion.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Maureen Lyon |
| Author | Patricia Garvie |
| Author | Linda Briggs |
| Author | Jiangping He |
| Author | Robert McCarter |
| Author | Lawrence D'Angelo |
| Publication | Journal of Adolescent Health |
| Volume | 48 |
| Issue | 2, Supplement 1 |
| Pages | S68-S69 |
| Date | February 2011 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.11.145 |
| ISSN | 1054-139X |
| Short Title | 98. Is Spirituality a Substitute for Connectedness? |
| Accessed | Tue Mar 15 14:50:11 2011 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:56:57 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:56:57 2011 |
The purpose of this study is to fill the gap in our knowledge about spiritual well-being among adolescents living with HIV and their families and to explore the impact of a Family Centered Advance Care Planning intervention on families' spirituality.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Suzanne Maman |
| Author | Rebecca Cathcart |
| Author | Gillian Burkhardt |
| Author | Serge Omba |
| Author | Frieda Behets |
| Abstract | Literature from the U.S. has documented the importance of spirituality on the psychological health of people living with HIV/AIDS; however there is little published data on the ways in which people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa turn to religion for support. We conducted 40 in-depth interviews with HIV-positive women who were pregnant or had recently given birth in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo to inform the development of a comprehensive family-centered HIV treatment and care program. Women described how they relied upon their faith and turned to church leaders when they were diagnosed with HIV and prepared to share their diagnosis with others. The women used prayer to overcome the initial shock, sadness and anger of learning their HIV diagnosis. They turned to their church leaders to help them prepare for disclosing their diagnosis to others, including their partners. Church leaders were also important targets for disclosure by some women. Women's faith played an important role in their long-term coping strategies. Conceptualizing their infection as a path chosen by God, and believing that God has the power to cure their infection comforted women and provided them with hope. In settings like the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where there is a strong foundation of faith, we need to recognize how individuals draw upon their different health belief systems in order to develop and implement coherent and effective prevention, treatment and care strategies. |
| Publication | Social Science & Medicine |
| Volume | 68 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 965-970 |
| Date | March 2009 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.12.028 |
| ISSN | 0277-9536 |
| URL | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VBF-4VBK4JJ-8/2/86a17da4afe2e2114ace5c1619a8d8c8 |
| Accessed | Mon Mar 28 19:35:33 2011 |
| Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
Literature from the U.S. has documented the importance of spirituality on the psychological health of people living with HIV/AIDS; however there is little published data on the ways in which people living with HIV/AIDS in Africa turn to religion for support. We conducted 40 in-depth interviews with HIV-positive women who were pregnant or had recently given birth in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo to inform the development of a comprehensive family-centered HIV treatment and care program. Women described how they relied upon their faith and turned to church leaders when they were diagnosed with HIV and prepared to share their diagnosis with others. The women used prayer to overcome the initial shock, sadness and anger of learning their HIV diagnosis. They turned to their church leaders to help them prepare for disclosing their diagnosis to others, including their partners. Church leaders were also important targets for disclosure by some women. Women's faith played an important role in their long-term coping strategies. Conceptualizing their infection as a path chosen by God, and believing that God has the power to cure their infection comforted women and provided them with hope. In settings like the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where there is a strong foundation of faith, we need to recognize how individuals draw upon their different health belief systems in order to develop and implement coherent and effective prevention, treatment and care strategies.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Nicolette D Manglos |
| Author | Jenny Trinitapoli |
| Abstract | Faith healing in sub-Saharan Africa has primarily been studied qualitatively among Pentecostal-Charismatic groups, and considered as its own phenomenon with little attention to its relationship to other modes of healing. Using data from Malawi, a religiously diverse African country with high HIV prevalence, we find that faith healing is pervasive across multiple religious traditions. For individuals, attending a faith healing congregation is associated with lower levels of generalized worry about AIDS, and this association is driven by those who switched churches before AIDS became widespread in rural areas. Use of condoms and traditional medicine are, on the other hand, positively associated with worry about AIDS. We argue that faith healing can be understood as a third therapeutic system that coexists with the well-documented biomedical and traditional systems. The success of faith healing approaches lies in their unique ability to combine individual-pragmatic and communal-ritualized aspects of healing to inform interpretations of the AIDS epidemic and its consequences. |
| Publication | Journal of Health and Social Behavior |
| Volume | 52 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 107-122 |
| Date | Mar 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | J Health Soc Behav |
| DOI | 10.1177/0022146510395025 |
| ISSN | 0022-1465 |
| Short Title | The third therapeutic system |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21362615 |
| Accessed | Mon Apr 4 19:46:40 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21362615 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:56:31 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:56:31 2011 |
Faith healing in sub-Saharan Africa has primarily been studied qualitatively among Pentecostal-Charismatic groups, and considered as its own phenomenon with little attention to its relationship to other modes of healing. Using data from Malawi, a religiously diverse African country with high HIV prevalence, we find that faith healing is pervasive across multiple religious traditions. For individuals, attending a faith healing congregation is associated with lower levels of generalized worry about AIDS, and this association is driven by those who switched churches before AIDS became widespread in rural areas. Use of condoms and traditional medicine are, on the other hand, positively associated with worry about AIDS. We argue that faith healing can be understood as a third therapeutic system that coexists with the well-documented biomedical and traditional systems. The success of faith healing approaches lies in their unique ability to combine individual-pragmatic and communal-ritualized aspects of healing to inform interpretations of the AIDS epidemic and its consequences.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | James Park |
| Author | Sharon Nachman |
| Abstract | HIV is a chronic illness that requires strict adherence to medication regimens. This study attempts to examine the patterns of highly active antiretroviral therapy adherence relative to religious beliefs in a population of perinatally HIV-infected adolescents. Eligible subjects included perinatally HIV-infected youth aged 14-22 years who knew their HIV status. Assessment tools included an antiretroviral adherence form, a standardized depression questionnaire, and a religious observance questionnaire. All of these forms were completed at the time of study enrollment. Twenty subjects met entry criteria and were enrolled. Subjects who had excellent adherence had significantly higher religious belief scores than those who had poor adherence (3.46+/-0.46 vs. 2.34+/-0.69, p<0.05). Those with excellent adherence also had higher religious practice scores than those with poor adherence (2.66+/-1.02 vs. 2.23+/-1.45, p=0.46). Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II depression score was also lower in those with excellent adherence versus those with poor adherence (4.64+/-3.41 vs. 8.86+/-9.77, p=0.39). Physicians may be able to consider spirituality as a factor that may influence medication adherence in pediatric HIV patients. As perinatally HIV-infected youth age into adulthood, future studies will be needed to explore the ongoing intimate relationship between a patient's religious views and their compliance to medical regimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Publication | AIDS Care |
| Volume | 22 |
| Issue | 5 |
| Pages | 556-561 |
| Date | May 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1080/09540120903254013 |
| ISSN | 09540121 |
| Accessed | Tue Jun 15 09:49:23 2010 |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:02 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:02 2011 |
This study attempts to examine the patterns of highly active antiretroviral therapy adherence relative to religious beliefs in a population of perinatally HIV-infected adolescents. Eligible subjects included perinatally HIV-infected youth aged 14–22 years who knew their HIV status.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | R Root |
| Abstract | Despite the cultural salience of Christianity in many parts of Africa and the expansion of antiretroviral treatment, few studies have examined experiences of religious participation among HIV-positive individuals. Correspondingly, most studies of HIV self-disclosure in sub-Saharan Africa focus primarily on disclosure to sexual partners. Addressing both concerns, the central concern of this article is HIV self-disclosure in church settings, where disclosure rationales functioned as a key heuristic to explore experience of HIV-positivity, religiosity, and church participation. Given 39.2% antenatal HIV prevalence in Swaziland - the highest in the world - and an estimated 6 500 local congregations, this article draws on a medical anthropological project in Swaziland to investigate experiences of church participation among HIV-positive individuals. The data were derived from semi-structured interviews with 28 HIV-positive individuals across three domains: 1) pre- and post-diagnosis religiosity; 2) HIV stigma and support in church settings; and 3) decisions around HIV disclosure. Field research and open-ended interviews with individuals close to people living with HIV, health personnel, and pastors provided important contextual data. A grounded theory analysis showed that HIV disclosure in church settings is a highly reflexive process, mediated by subjective religiosity, the social dynamics of church networks, and broader structural vulnerabilities. Church participation often entailed significant stigma, which negatively affected self-disclosure and help-seeking practices; however, a rhetoric of 'courage' emerged to describe individuals who voluntarily disclosed their HIV-positive status. Pastors and pastors' wives were key protagonists in disclosure strategies. A church-based defense of the meaning of personhood for people living with HIV was among the most important findings. Given that congregations in much of Africa are predominantly female, and because women comprised the majority of the sample, the study productively problematised church settings as sites of analysis where gender, poverty, and religion intersect disease epidemiology in ways that may have untapped programmatic implications. |
| Publication | AJAR - African Journal of AIDS Research |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 295-309 |
| Date | OCT 2009 |
| DOI | 10.2989/AJAR.2009.8.3.6.927 |
| ISSN | 1608-5906 |
| URL | http://apps.isiknowledge.com.ezproxy.bu.edu/full_record.do? product=WOS&search_mode=GeneralSearch&qid=1&… |
| Accessed | Fri Dec 4 15:09:02 2009 |
| Library Catalog | ISI Web of Knowledge |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Maria Roura |
| Author | Ray Nsigaye |
| Author | Benjamin Nhandi |
| Author | Joyce Wamoyi |
| Author | Joanna Busza |
| Author | Mark Urassa |
| Author | Jim Todd |
| Author | Basia Zaba |
| Abstract | ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The role of religious beliefs in the prevention of HIV and attitudes towards the infected has received considerable attention. However, little research has been conducted on Faith Leaders' (FLs) perceptions of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the developing world. This study investigated FLs' attitudes towards different HIV treatment options (traditional, medical and spiritual) available in a rural Tanzanian ward. METHODS: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 25 FLs purposively selected to account for all the denominations present in the area. Data was organised into themes using the software package NVIVO-7. The field work guidelines were tailored as new topics emerged and additional codes progressively added to the coding frame. RESULTS: Traditional healers (THs) and FLs were often reported as antagonists but duality prevailed and many FLs simultaneously believed in traditional healing. Inter-denomination mobility was high and guided by pragmatism. Praying for the sick was a common practice and over one third of respondents said that prayer could cure HIV. Being HIV-positive was often seen as "a punishment from God" and a consequence of sin. As sinning could result from "the work of Satan", forgiveness was possible, and a "reconciliation with God" deemed as essential for a favourable remission of the disease. Several FLs believed that "evil spirits" inflicted through witchcraft could cause the disease and claimed that they could cast "demons" away. While prayers could potentially cure HIV "completely", ART use was generally not discouraged because God had "only a part to play". The perceived potential superiority of spiritual options could however lead some users to interrupt treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The roll-out of ART is taking place in a context in which the new drugs are competing with a diversity of existing options. As long as the complementarities of prayers and ART are not clearly and explicitly stated by FLs, spiritual options may be interpreted as a superior alternative and contribute to hampering adherence to ART. In contexts where ambivalent attitudes towards the new drugs prevail, enhancing FLs understanding of ART's strengths and pitfalls is an essential step to engage them as active partners in ART scale-up programs. |
| Publication | BMC Public Health |
| Volume | 10 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 427 |
| Date | Jul 20, 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | BMC Public Health |
| DOI | 10.1186/1471-2458-10-427 |
| ISSN | 1471-2458 |
| Short Title | "Driving the devil away" |
| Accessed | Tue Jul 27 11:45:40 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20646300 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:03:48 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:03:48 2011 |
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Karolynn Siegel |
| Author | Eric W. Schrimshaw |
| Abstract | Although religious and spiritual beliefs and practices have been frequently associated with greater psychological well-being among illness populations, little is known about the specific benefits individuals perceive they receive from these beliefs and practices. This issue was examined in interviews with 63 older HIV-infected adults. Participants reported a variety of benefits from their religious and spiritual beliefs and practices, including: (1) evokes comforting emotions and feelings; (2) offers strength, empowerment, and control; (3) eases the emotional burden of the illness; (4) offers social support and a sense of belonging; (5) offers spiritual support through a personal relationship with God; (6) facilitates meaning and acceptance of the illness; (7) helps preserve health; (8) relieves the fear and uncertainty of death; (9) facilitates self-acceptance and reduces self-blame. These perceived benefits suggest potential mechanisms by which religion/spirituality may affect psychological adjustment. |
| Publication | Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion |
| Volume | 41 |
| Issue | 1 |
| Pages | 91-102 |
| Date | Mar., 2002 |
| ISSN | 00218294 |
| URL | http://www.jstor.org/stable/1387714 |
| Accessed | Mon Sep 7 13:48:49 2009 |
| Library Catalog | JSTOR |
| Extra | ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Mar., 2002 / Copyright © 2002 Society for the Scientific Study of Religion |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Although religious and spiritual beliefs and practices have been frequently associated with greater psychological well-being among illness populations, little is known about the specific benefits individuals perceive they receive from these beliefs and practices. This issue was examined in interviews with 63 older HIV-infected adults.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Katherine Sorsdahl |
| Author | Jonathan C. Ipser |
| Author | Dan J. Stein |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: For the treatment of HIV/AIDS, individuals may consult traditional healers because they possess a shared sociocultural background, meet the needs and expectations of the patients, and pay special attention to social and spiritual matters. Various intervention strategies have been adopted to educate traditional healers in various aspects of Western medicine, with a particular focus on HIV/AIDS. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for educating traditional healers in the fundamentals of sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV medicine. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Pubmed, Embase, Gatway and AIDSearch from the period of 1980 to 2008. We also handsearched the reference lists of the retrieved articles, located conference proceedings of international conferences related to AIDS studies and contacted key personnel and organizations working in HIV/AIDS intervention programs in developing countries. SELECTION CRITERIA: All intervention studies using a controlled design that have evaluated the effect of educational interventions on any one of the outcome measures specified were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of potentially relevant studies and extracted data from and assessed study quality of included studies. A meta-analysis of study outcomes was not possible given the small number of included studies and the heterogeneity in methodological designs and outcome measures. MAIN RESULTS: We included two studies (one RCT and one CBA study) in this review (n = 311). Both of these studies indicated that a training workshop increased the knowledge about HIV/AIDS of traditional healers. With regards to behaviour change, Peltzer 2006 detected a significant difference in traditional healers' reports of managing their patients; however, there was no evidence of a reduction of HIV/STI risk behaviours and referral practices, as assessed by self-report. The study by Poudyal 2003 did not assess this outcome. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Two studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. Although these studies reported some positive outcomes, the few studies and methodological heterogeneity limits the conclusions that can be drawn about the effectiveness of HIV training programs aimed at traditional healers. More rigorous studies (i.e. those employing rigorous randomisation procedures, reliable outcome measures and larger sample sizes) are needed to provide better evidence of the impact of HIV training programs aimed at traditional healers. |
| Publication | Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Online) |
| Issue | 4 |
| Pages | CD007190 |
| Date | 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Cochrane Database Syst Rev |
| DOI | 10.1002/14651858.CD007190.pub2 |
| ISSN | 1469-493X |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/pubmed/19821399 |
| Accessed | Mon Oct 19 20:15:26 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19821399 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:05:21 2011 |
For the treatment of HIV/AIDS, individuals may consult traditional healers because they possess a shared sociocultural background, meet the needs and expectations of the patients, and pay special attention to social and spiritual matters. Various intervention strategies have been adopted to educate traditional healers in various aspects of Western medicine, with a particular focus on HIV/AIDS. This study evaluates the effectiveness of interventions for educating traditional healers in the fundamentals of sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV medicine.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Magdalena Szaflarski |
| Author | P Neal Ritchey |
| Author | Anthony C Leonard |
| Author | Joseph M Mrus |
| Author | Amy H Peterman |
| Author | Christopher G Ellison |
| Author | Michael E McCullough |
| Author | Joel Tsevat |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Spirituality/religion is an important factor in health and illness, but more work is needed to determine its link to quality of life in patients with HIV/AIDS. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the direct and indirect effects of spirituality/religion on patients' perceptions of living with HIV/AIDS. DESIGN: In 2002 and 2003, as part of a multicenter longitudinal study of patients with HIV/AIDS, we collected extensive demographic, clinical, and behavioral data from chart review and patient interviews. We used logistic regression and path analysis combining logistic and ordinary least squares regression. SUBJECTS: Four hundred and fifty outpatients with HIV/AIDS from 4 sites in 3 cities. MEASURES: The dependent variable was whether patients felt that life had improved since being diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. Spirituality/religion was assessed by using the Duke Religion Index, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being-Expanded, and Brief RCOPE measures. Mediating factors included social support, self-esteem, healthy beliefs, and health status/health concerns. RESULTS: Approximately one-third of the patients felt that their life was better now than it was before being diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. A 1-SD increase in spirituality/religion was associated with a 68.50% increase in odds of feeling that life has improved--29.97% due to a direct effect, and 38.54% due to indirect effects through healthy beliefs (29.15%) and health status/health concerns (9.39%). Healthy beliefs had the largest effect on feeling that life had improved; a 1-SD increase in healthy beliefs resulted in a 109.75% improvement in feeling that life changed. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with HIV/AIDS, the level of spirituality/religion is associated, both directly and indirectly, with feeling that life is better now than previously. Future research should validate our new conceptual model using other samples and longitudinal studies. Clinical education interventions should focus on raising awareness among clinicians about the importance of spirituality/religion in HIV/AIDS. |
| Publication | Journal of General Internal Medicine |
| Volume | 21 Suppl 5 |
| Pages | S28-38 |
| Date | Dec 2006 |
| Journal Abbr | J Gen Intern Med |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00646.x |
| ISSN | 1525-1497 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17083497 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 16:57:00 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 17083497 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Objective: To estimate the direct and indirect effects of spirituality/religion on patients’ perceptions of living with HIV/AIDS. Conclusions: In patients with HIV/AIDS, the level of spirituality/religion is associated, both directly and indirectly, with feeling that life is better now than previously.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Kelly M. Trevino |
| Author | Kenneth I. Pargament |
| Author | Sian Cotton |
| Author | Anthony C. Leonard |
| Author | June Hahn |
| Author | Carol Ann Caprini-Faigin |
| Author | Joel Tsevat |
| Abstract | The present study investigated the relationships between positive religious coping (e.g., seeking spiritual support) and spiritual struggle (e.g., anger at God) versus viral load, CD4 count, quality of life, HIV symptoms, depression, self-esteem, social support, and spiritual wellbeing in 429 patients with HIV/AIDS. Data were collected through patient interview and chart review at baseline and 12–18 months later from four clinical sites. At baseline, positive religious coping was associated with positive outcomes while spiritual struggle was associated with negative outcomes. In addition, high levels of positive religious coping and low levels of spiritual struggle were associated with small but significant improvements over time. These results have implications for assessing religious coping and designing interventions targeting spiritual struggle in patients with HIV/AIDS. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract) |
| Publication | AIDS and Behavior |
| Volume | 14 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 379-389 |
| Date | April 2010 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10461-007-9332-6 |
| ISSN | 1090-7165 |
| Short Title | Religious coping and physiological, psychological, social, and spiritual outcomes in patients with HIV/AIDS |
| Accessed | Fri May 7 15:28:05 2010 |
| Library Catalog | EBSCOhost |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:02 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:02 2011 |
The present study investigated the relationships between positive religious coping (e.g., seeking spiritual support) and spiritual struggle (e.g., anger at God) versus viral load, CD4 count, quality of life, HIV symptoms, depression, self-esteem, social support, and spiritual wellbeing in 429 patients with HIV/AIDS. Data were collected through patient interview and chart review at baseline and 12–18 months later from four clinical sites.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Jenny Trinitapoli |
| Abstract | This study examines the relationship between religion and HIV risk behaviors in rural Malawi, giving special attention to the role of religious congregations, the organizations with which rural Africans have most immediate contact. It draws on 2004 data from a household survey in 3 districts (N=3386), and quantitative and qualitative data collected in 2005 from 187 leaders of religious congregations previously identified in the survey. The first aim is descriptive--to identify overall patterns and variations in what religious leaders in rural Malawi teach about HIV and about sexual behavior in light of the epidemic. The second aim is to assess how religious organizations impact the behavior of individual members. I examine three outcomes that correspond with the ABCs of HIV prevention: abstinence (for never married persons), fidelity (for married persons), and condom use (among sexually active persons). Multi-level models reveal that religious affiliation and involvement are not correlated with the sexual behavior of congregation members, but that beliefs about appropriate sexual behavior and particular congregational characteristics are associated with adherence to A, B, and C. Individuals belonging to congregations led by clergy who 1) frequently deliver formal messages about HIV, 2) monitor the sexual behavior of members, and 3) privately encourage condom use report greater adherence to the ABCs of HIV prevention, suggesting that religious congregations are relevant for the sexual behavior of members and for better understanding the forces shaping individual behavior in the context of the African AIDS epidemic. |
| Publication | Social Science & Medicine (1982) |
| Volume | 69 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 199-209 |
| Date | Jul 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | Soc Sci Med |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.04.018 |
| ISSN | 1873-5347 |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 22 19:08:00 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19447536 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
This study examines the relationship between religion and HIV risk behaviors in rural Malawi, giving special attention to the role of religious congregations, the organizations with which rural Africans have most immediate contact. It draws on 2004 data from a household survey in 3 districts (N = 3386), and quantitative and qualitative data collected in 2005 from 187 leaders of religious congregations previously identified in the survey.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Wadiya Udell |
| Author | Geri Donenberg |
| Author | Erin Emerson |
| Abstract | We investigated the relationship between religiosity, mental health problems, and two sexual risk behaviors-condom use and number of partners. Participants were 80 sexually active African American girls in psychiatric care and their caregivers. Results indicated differential relationships, depending on parent versus youth report. Mother's religiosity was positively related to girls' condom use and not to girls' number of partners. Controlling for other predictors in the models, mother's religiosity explained as much as 15% of the variance in girls' condom use. Whereas parent and adolescent reports of girls' depression/anxiety and rule-breaking were positively associated with number of partners, reports of aggression were associated with having fewer partners. Neither parent nor youth reports of girls' mental health problems were associated with condom use. Controlling for other predictors in the models, girls' mental health problems accounted for as much as 31% of the variance in number of partners. Findings underscore the importance of adopting an ecological framework to understand both the risk and promotive factors for sexual risk taking among troubled girls. The roles of specific aspects of psychopathology and religiosity in relation to sexual risk behavior among African American girls in psychiatric care are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved). |
| Publication | Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology |
| Volume | 17 |
| Issue | 2 |
| Pages | 217-224 |
| Date | Apr 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol |
| DOI | 10.1037/a0023243 |
| ISSN | 1099-9809 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21604846 |
| Accessed | Wed Jun 8 18:44:40 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21604846 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:54:49 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:54:49 2011 |
This study investigated the relationship between religiosity, mental health problems, and two sexual risk behaviors-condom use and number of partners. Participants were 80 sexually active African American girls in psychiatric care and their caregivers.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | N Varas-Díaz |
| Author | T B Neilands |
| Author | S Malavé Rivera |
| Author | E Betancourt |
| Abstract | HIV/AIDS stigma continues to be a barrier for prevention efforts. Its detrimental effects have been documented among people living with HIV/AIDS and encompass loss of social support and depression. When it is manifested by health professionals, it can lead to sub-optimal services. Although strides have been made to document the effects of HIV/AIDS stigma, much needs to be done in order to understand the structural factors that can foster it. Such is the case of religion's role on HIV/AIDS stigma in Puerto Rico. The Caribbean Island has a Judeo-Christian-based culture due to years of Spanish colonisation. This religious influence continued under Protestantism as part of the Island's integration as a non-incorporated territory of the USA. The main objective of this study was to explore the role of religion in HIV/AIDS stigma manifested by Puerto Rican health professionals in practice and in training. Through a mixed-method approach, 501 health professionals completed qualitative interviews (n=80) and self-administered questionnaires (n=421). Results show that religion plays some role in conceptualisations of health and illness among participants in the study. Furthermore, the importance placed on religion and participation in such activities was related to higher levels of HIV/AIDS stigma. |
| Publication | Global Public Health |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 295-312 |
| Date | Jan 19, 2010 |
| Journal Abbr | Glob Public Health |
| DOI | 10.1080/17441690903436581 |
| ISSN | 1744-1706 |
| Short Title | Religion and HIV/AIDS stigma |
| Accessed | Sat Jan 23 11:56:38 2010 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 20087809 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:04:35 2011 |
The main objective of this study was to explore the role of religion in HIV/AIDS stigma manifested by Puerto Rican health professionals in practice and in training. Through a mixed-method approach, 501 health professionals completed qualitative interviews (n=80) and self-administered questionnaires (n=421). Results show that religion plays some role in conceptualisations of health and illness among participants in the study. Furthermore, the importance placed on religion and participation in such activities was related to higher levels of HIV/AIDS stigma.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Rosemary N Walulu |
| Abstract | The purpose of this study was to describe the processes by which HIV-infected mothers manage mothering. A semi-structured guide was used to facilitate discussion from a convenience sample of 15 mothers. The core category was "The Process of Living for My Children." "Leaning on God" was a part of "Taking Care of Myself" and reflected the ways in which the mothers used spiritual aspects to manage mothering and live with HIV infection. Leaning on God was an important tool in managing mothering and self-care. Health care providers can enhance this tool by being aware of their own values and beliefs. |
| Publication | Issues in Mental Health Nursing |
| Volume | 32 |
| Issue | 6 |
| Pages | 382-384 |
| Date | 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | Issues Ment Health Nurs |
| DOI | 10.3109/01612840.2011.568160 |
| ISSN | 1096-4673 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21692577 |
| Accessed | Wed Jul 13 18:15:27 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21692577 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:54:25 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:54:25 2011 |
The purpose of this study was to describe the processes by which HIV-infected mothers manage mothering. A semi-structured guide was used to facilitate discussion from a convenience sample of 15 mothers. The core category was "The Process of Living for My Children." "Leaning on God" was a part of "Taking Care of Myself" and reflected the ways in which the mothers used spiritual aspects to manage mothering and live with HIV infection. Leaning on God was an important tool in managing mothering and self-care. Health care providers can enhance this tool by being aware of their own values and beliefs.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Anthony K Wutoh |
| Author | Gloria Nichols English |
| Author | Marlon Daniel |
| Author | Karima A Kendall |
| Author | Ewan K Cobran |
| Author | Veronica Clarke Tasker |
| Author | Glenda Hodges |
| Author | Ashanta P Brady |
| Author | Annet Mbulaiteye |
| Abstract | A pilot study was conducted in anticipation of implementation of a larger project to assess human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among older African Americans. A cross-sectional methodology was employed, including 33 African Americans aged more than 50 years in the metropolitan Washington, DC, area. The average age of the participants was 66 years old, with an age range from 51 to 86 years. Data were collected utilizing previously validated instruments that were administered using an audio computer-assisted survey instrument. There was relatively high knowledge regarding HIV, with female participants scoring significantly higher compared to male participants (p=.003). Another specific finding of the preliminary study was the association between higher levels of spirituality and lower levels of HIV sexual risk behaviors (Spearman's correlation=-0.369, p=.035). Results of this pilot study suggest that older African American females may be more knowledgeable regarding HIV than older African American males. This may suggest that educational and behavioral interventions developedfor this group may need to be structured based upon the targeted gender of the audience. The association between increased spirituality and decreased risk behaviors may suggest that spiritually-based interventions may provide some benefit regarding reduction of HIV risk behaviors in this population. However, the small sample size in this study warrants caution in the conclusions and highlights the need for further research in this population. |
| Publication | Journal of the National Medical Association |
| Volume | 103 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 265-268 |
| Date | Mar 2011 |
| Journal Abbr | J Natl Med Assoc |
| ISSN | 0027-9684 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21671530 |
| Accessed | Wed Jul 13 18:11:45 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 21671530 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 08:54:25 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 08:54:25 2011 |
A pilot study was conducted in anticipation of implementation of a larger project to assess human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among older African Americans. A cross-sectional methodology was employed, including 33 African Americans aged more than 50 years in the metropolitan Washington, DC, area. The average age of the participants was 66 years old, with an age range from 51 to 86 years.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | Michael S Yi |
| Author | Joseph M Mrus |
| Author | Terrance J Wade |
| Author | Mona L Ho |
| Author | Richard W Hornung |
| Author | Sian Cotton |
| Author | Amy H Peterman |
| Author | Christina M Puchalski |
| Author | Joel Tsevat |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Depression has been linked to immune function and mortality in patients with chronic illnesses. Factors such as poorer spiritual well-being has been linked to increased risk for depression and other mood disorders in patients with HIV. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine how specific dimensions of religion, spirituality, and other factors relate to depressive symptoms in a contemporary, multi-center cohort of patients with HIV/AIDS. DESIGN: Patients were recruited from 4 medical centers in 3 cities in 2002 to 2003, and trained interviewers administered the questionnaires. The level of depressive symptoms was measured with the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD-10) Scale. Independent variables included socio-demographics, clinical information, 8 dimensions of health status and concerns, symptoms, social support, risk attitudes, self-esteem, spirituality, religious affiliation, religiosity, and religious coping. We examined the bivariate and multivariable associations of religiosity, spirituality, and depressive symptoms. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We collected data from 450 subjects. Their mean (SD) age was 43.8 (8.4) years; 387 (86.0%) were male; 204 (45.3%) were white; and their mean CD4 count was 420.5 (301.0). Two hundred forty-one (53.6%) fit the criteria for significant depressive symptoms (CESD-10 score > or = 10). In multivariable analyses, having greater health worries, less comfort with how one contracted HIV, more HIV-related symptoms, less social support, and lower spiritual well-being was associated with significant depressive symptoms (P<.05). CONCLUSION: A majority of patients with HIV reported having significant depressive symptoms. Poorer health status and perceptions, less social support, and lower spiritual well-being were related to significant depressive symptoms, while personal religiosity and having a religious affiliation was not associated when controlling for other factors. Helping to address the spiritual needs of patients in the medical or community setting may be one way to decrease depressive symptoms in patients with HIV/AIDS. |
| Publication | Journal of General Internal Medicine |
| Volume | 21 Suppl 5 |
| Pages | S21-27 |
| Date | Dec 2006 |
| Journal Abbr | J Gen Intern Med |
| DOI | 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00643.x |
| ISSN | 1525-1497 |
| URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17083496 |
| Accessed | Fri Nov 13 16:56:18 2009 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 17083496 |
| Date Added | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
| Modified | Sat Oct 1 16:55:15 2011 |
Objective: We sought to determine how specific dimensions of religion, spirituality, and other factors relate to depressive symptoms in a contemporary, multi-center cohort of patients with HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: A majority of patients with HIV reported having significant depressive symptoms. Poorer health status and perceptions, less social support, and lower spiritual well-being were related to significant depressive symptoms, while personal religiosity and having a religious affiliation was not associated when controlling for other factors.
| Type | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Author | James Zou |
| Author | Yvonne Yamanaka |
| Author | Muze John |
| Author | Melissa Watt |
| Author | Jan Ostermann |
| Author | Nathan Thielman |
| Abstract | Background Religion shapes everyday beliefs and activities, but few studies have examined its associations with attitudes about HIV. This exploratory study in Tanzania probed associations between religious beliefs and HIV stigma, disclosure, and attitudes toward antiretroviral (ARV) treatment. Methods A self-administered survey was distributed to a convenience sample of parishioners (n = 438) attending Catholic, Lutheran, and Pentecostal churches in both urban and rural areas. The survey included questions about religious beliefs, opinions about HIV, and knowledge and attitudes about ARVs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess how religion was associated with perceptions about HIV, HIV treatment, and people living with HIV/AIDS. Results Results indicate that shame-related HIV stigma is strongly associated with religious beliefs such as the belief that HIV is a punishment from God (p < 0.01) or that people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have not followed the Word of God (p < 0.001). Most participants (84.2%) said that they would disclose their HIV status to their pastor or congregation if they became infected. Although the majority of respondents (80.8%) believed that prayer could cure HIV, almost all (93.7%) said that they would begin ARV treatment if they became HIV-infected. The multivariate analysis found that respondents' hypothetical willingness to begin ARV treatme was not significantly associated with the belief that prayer could cure HIV or with other religious factors. Refusal of ARV treatment was instead correlated with lack of secondary schooling and lack of knowledge about ARVs. Conclusion The decision to start ARVs hinged primarily on education-level and knowledge about ARVs rather than on religious factors. Research results highlight the influence of religious beliefs on HIV-related stigma and willingness to disclose, and should help to inform HIV-education outreach for religious groups. |
| Publication | BMC Public Health |
| Volume | 9 |
| Pages | 75 |
| Date | 2009 |
| Journal Abbr | BMC Public Health |
| DOI | 10.1186/1471-2458-9-75 |
| ISSN | 1471-2458 |
| Short Title | Religion and HIV in Tanzania |
| Accessed | Tue Feb 22 19:42:47 2011 |
| Library Catalog | NCBI PubMed |
| Extra | PMID: 19261186 |
| Date Added | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
| Modified | Thu Sep 29 09:06:18 2011 |
Religion shapes everyday beliefs and activities, but few studies have examined its associations with attitudes about HIV. This exploratory study in Tanzania probed associations between religious beliefs and HIV stigma, disclosure, and attitudes toward antiretroviral (ARV) treatment.