Figure 3 mtDNA phylogeny of brood parasitic finches and their estrildid finch host species. (The cuckoo finch is a parasite of several more distantly related warblers.) Indigobirds are shown in blue; firefinches and other indigobird hosts are shown in red. Other estrildids shown are hosts of the various whydahs. Dotted lines indicate the most recent mtDNA ancestor for indigobirds and firefinches, respectively. Absolute values of divergence times should be viewed as rough approximations at best, but relative times are directly comparable between host and parasitic lineages.