What is Enlightenment?:
Eighteenth-Century Answers and Twentieth-Century Questions

edited by James Schmidt
(Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 1996)

Contents:

Introduction: James Schmidt, "'What is Enlightenment?' -- A Question, its Context, and Some Consequences"

Part I: The Eighteenth Century Debate

1. The Question and Some Answers

Johann Karl Möhsen, "What is to be Done to Enlighten our Fellow Citizens?" (1783)
Moses Mendelssohn, "On the Question: What is Enlightenment?" (1784)
Immanuel Kant, "Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?" (1784)
Karl Leonhard Reinhold, "Thoughts on Enlightenment" (1784)
Christoph Martin Wieland, "A Couple of Gold Nuggets, from the Wastepaper, or Six Answers to Six Questions" (1789)

2. The Public Use of Reason

Ernst Ferdinand Klein, "On Freedom of the Press and Thought" (1784)
Carl Bahrdt, "On Freedom of the Press and its Limits" (1787)
Friedrich Karl von Moser, "Publicity" (1792)
Johann Gottlieb Fichte, "Reclamation of the Freedom of Thought from the Princes of Europe" (1793)

3. Faith and Enlightenment

Johann Georg Hamann, "Letter to Christian Jacob Kraus, December 18, 1784"
Johann Georg Hamann, "Metacritique on the Purism of Reason" (1784)

Andreas Riem, "On Enlightenment: If it is or could be threatening to the state or to religion" (1788)

4. The Politics of Enlightenment

Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi, "Something Lessing Said" (1782)

Friedrich Karl von Moser, "True and False Political Enlightenment" (1792)

Johann Heinrich Tieftrunk, "On the Influence of Enlightenment on Revolutions" (1794)

Johann Adam Bergk, "Does Enlightenment Produce Revolutions?" (1795)

 

Part II: Historical Reflections

Günter Birtsch, "The Berlin Wednesday Society"

John Christian Laursen, "The Subversive Kant: The Vocabulary of 'Public' and 'Publicity'"

Jonathan Knudsen, "On Enlightenment for the Common Man"

Garrett Green, "Modern Culture Comes of Age: Hamann versus Kant on the Root Metaphor of Enlightenment"

Dale Snow, "Jacobi's Critique of Enlightenment"

Frederick C. Beiser, "Early Romanticism and the Aufklärung "

Rudolph Vierhaus, "Progress: Ideas, Skepticism, and Critique -- The Heritage of the Enlightenment"

Part III: Twentieth Century Questions

Rüdiger Bittner, "What is Enlightenment?"

Max Horkheimer, "Reason Against Itself: Some Remarks on Enlightenment"

Michel Foucault, "What is Critique?"

Jürgen Habermas, "The Unity of Reason in the Diversity of Its Voices"

Georg Picht, "What is Enlightened Thinking?

Hartmut Böhme and Gernot Böhme, "The Struggle of Reason with Imagination"

Jane Kneller, "The Failure of Kant's Imagination"

Robin Schott, "The Gender of Enlightenment"

Lewis Hinchman, "Autonomy, Individuality, and Self-Determination"

Kevin Geiman, "Enlightened Cosmopolitanism: The Political Perspective of the Kantian Sublime"