The figures to the left and right show
intracellular recordings of the membrane potential of a
piriform (olfactory) cortex pyramidal cell during a 1 second
long current injection. On the left, the neuron fires rapidly
at first and then slows firing as activation of a calcium-dependent
potassium current causes adaptation. On the right, perfusion of
the slice chamber with 20uM carbachol (a cholinergic agonist)
causes suppression of the calcium-dependent potassium current,
resulting in a decrease in adaptation (and more sustained firing
during the current injection. This work is published in
Barkai and Hasselmo (1994) J. Neurophysiol. 72:644-658. The
suppression of adaptation has been modeled using
GENESIS.
This figure shows the performance
of an associative memory model of the piriform cortex with different
levels of cholinergic suppression of synaptic transmission during
learning. Red = high performance (effective learning and recall
of multiple patterns). Blue = low performance (usually due to
interference between the stored patterns). With low levels of
acetylcholine in the model, the function is only good for a brief
period before breaking down. With high levels of acetylcholine,
the network reaches good performance more slowly but maintains that
performance indefinitely. This work has been published in
Hasselmo and Bower (1992) J. Neurophysiol. 67: 1222-1229.